Agarwal Kriti, Dai Chunhui, Joung Daeha, Cho Jeong-Hyun
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.
ACS Nano. 2019 Feb 26;13(2):1050-1059. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08145. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
The limited spatial coverage of the plasmon enhanced near-field in 2D graphene ribbons presents a major hurdle in practical applications. In this study, diverse self-assembled 3D graphene architectures are explored that induce hybridized plasmon modes by simultaneous in-plane and out-of-plane coupling to overcome the limited coverage in 2D ribbons. While 2D graphene can only demonstrate in-plane, bidirectional coupling through the edges, 3D architectures benefit from fully symmetric 360° coupling at the apex of pyramidal graphene, orthogonal four-directional coupling in cubic graphene, and uniform cross-sectional radial coupling in tubular graphene. The 3D coupled vertices, edges, surfaces, and volume induce corresponding enhancement modes that are highly dependent on the shape and dimensions comprising the 3D geometries. The hybridized modes introduced through the 3D coupling amplify the limited plasmon response in 2D ribbons to deliver nondiffusion limited sensors, high efficiency fuel cells, and extreme propagation length optical interconnects.
二维石墨烯带中等离激元增强近场的空间覆盖范围有限，这在实际应用中是一个主要障碍。在本研究中，探索了多种自组装三维石墨烯结构，这些结构通过面内和面外同时耦合来诱导杂化等离激元模式，以克服二维带中有限的覆盖范围。虽然二维石墨烯只能通过边缘展示面内双向耦合，但三维结构受益于金字塔形石墨烯顶点处的完全对称360°耦合、立方体形石墨烯中的正交四向耦合以及管状石墨烯中的均匀横截面径向耦合。三维耦合的顶点、边缘、表面和体积会诱导出相应的增强模式，这些模式高度依赖于构成三维几何形状的形状和尺寸。通过三维耦合引入的杂化模式放大了二维带中有限的等离激元响应，从而实现无扩散限制传感器、高效燃料电池和极长传播长度的光学互连。
