Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Feb 1;131:399-407. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.028. Epub 2018 Dec 24.
Visible light can induce the generation of singlet oxygen and can cause oxidative stress, especially in melanocytes due to melanin photosensitization. Currently, there is no organic UV-filter that provide visible light protection. Previous studies showed that some antioxidants, such as apigenin (API), chrysin (CRI) and beta-carotene (BTC) besides neutralizing radical chain reactions can also quench singlet oxygen via physical or chemical quenching and exhibit potential for use in photoprotection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of API, CRI and BTC on the protection against cell death induced by melanin photosensitization and understand the underlying mechanisms that are involved in the protection. Precise protocols of melanogenesis and quantification of singlet oxygen generation were developed. Viability of B16-F10 cells with melanin basal levels and after melanogenesis induction was evaluated after visible light exposure in the presence and absence of API, CRI and BTC. Results showed that API and BTC protected cells from photoinduced cell death API exhibiting superior photoprotective effect. We noticed that the efficiency of cell protection and the rate of singlet oxygen suppression are not well correlated, at least for the studied series of antioxidants, indicating that the anti-radical capacity should be playing a major role in protecting cells against the damage induced by melanin photosensitization. In terms of sun care strategies, both API and BTC offer protection against visible light-induced damages and may be effective topical antioxidants to be added to sunscreens.
可见光可以诱导单线态氧的产生，并可能导致氧化应激，尤其是在黑色素细胞中，因为黑色素具有光敏性。目前，还没有提供可见光保护的有机紫外线滤光剂。先前的研究表明，一些抗氧化剂，如芹菜素（API）、白杨黄素（CRI）和β-胡萝卜素（BTC），除了可以中和自由基链式反应外，还可以通过物理或化学猝灭来猝灭单线态氧，并显示出在光保护中的应用潜力。因此，本研究的目的是评估 API、CRI 和 BTC 对黑色素光敏化诱导的细胞死亡的保护作用，并了解涉及保护作用的潜在机制。我们制定了黑色素生成的精确方案和单线态氧生成的定量方案。在存在和不存在 API、CRI 和 BTC 的情况下，评估了具有基础黑色素水平和黑色素生成诱导后的 B16-F10 细胞在可见光照射后的细胞活力。结果表明，API 和 BTC 可保护细胞免受光诱导的细胞死亡，API 表现出更好的光保护效果。我们注意到，细胞保护效率和单线态氧抑制率之间没有很好的相关性，至少对于所研究的抗氧化剂系列来说是这样，这表明抗自由基能力在保护细胞免受黑色素光敏化诱导的损伤方面可能起着主要作用。就防晒策略而言，API 和 BTC 都能提供对可见光诱导损伤的保护，并且可能是有效的局部抗氧化剂，可以添加到防晒霜中。
