UCD Centre for Human Reproduction, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Cork Street, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin, Ireland.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2018 Dec 1;40(4):747-755. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx131.
Maternal nutrition intakes may influence neonatal birthweight and adiposity; however, inconsistencies within the literature exist. The relationships between maternal dietary intakes in early pregnancy and both birthweight and neonatal adiposity requires elucidation. This study examined the relationship between early pregnancy dietary intakes and subsequent birthweight and neonatal adiposity.
Women were recruited at their convenience after sonographic confirmation of a singleton pregnancy. Women completed a Willet food frequency questionnaire evaluating habitual food and nutrient intakes at their first antenatal visit. Neonatal body composition was measured using air-displacement plethysmography.
Of the 385 mother-neonate dyads, mean maternal age was 30.8 ± 5.3 years, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2 and 41.8% (n = 161) were nulliparous. There were no relationships between maternal food intakes and birthweight (P > 0.05) (n = 385). On multivariable analysis there was a positive relationship between polyunsaturated fat and neonatal fat mass index (FMI) (beta = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.002-0.028, P = 0.04) (n = 80).
Dietary intakes of polyunsaturated fat in early pregnancy are positively associated with neonatal FMI at birth on multivariable analysis. Further longitudinal studies need to explore this association and the long-term implications for the neonate.
母体营养摄入可能会影响新生儿的出生体重和肥胖程度，但文献中存在不一致的地方。早期妊娠时母体的饮食摄入与出生体重和新生儿肥胖程度之间的关系需要阐明。本研究旨在探讨早期妊娠饮食摄入与随后的出生体重和新生儿肥胖程度之间的关系。
在超声确认单胎妊娠后，方便招募了女性。女性在第一次产前检查时完成了威莱特食物频率问卷，评估了习惯性的食物和营养素摄入。使用空气置换体描记术测量了新生儿的身体成分。
在 385 对母婴对子中，母亲的平均年龄为 30.8 ± 5.3 岁，平均体重指数（BMI）为 24.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2，41.8%（n = 161）为初产妇。母亲的食物摄入量与出生体重之间没有关系（P > 0.05）（n = 385）。多元分析显示，多不饱和脂肪与新生儿脂肪量指数（FMI）呈正相关（β=0.015，95%CI=0.002-0.028，P=0.04）（n = 80）。
在多变量分析中，妊娠早期多不饱和脂肪的饮食摄入量与新生儿出生时的 FMI 呈正相关。需要进一步的纵向研究来探讨这种关联及其对新生儿的长期影响。
