National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2019 Jul 1;45(4):356-369. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3793. Epub 2018 Dec 28.
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the development and the content of the Danish Psychosocial Work Environment Questionnaire (DPQ) and to test its reliability and validity. Methods We describe the identification of dimensions, the development of items, and the qualitative and quantitative tests of the reliability and validity of the DPQ. Reliability and validity of a 150 item version of the DPQ was evaluated in a stratified sample of 8958 employees in 14 job groups of which 4340 responded. Reliability was investigated using internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The factorial validity was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). For each multi-item scale, we undertook CFA within each job group and multi-group CFA to investigate factorial invariance across job groups. Finally, using multi-group multi-factor CFA, we investigated whether scales were empirically distinct. Results Internal consistency reliabilities and test-retest reliabilities were satisfactory. Factorial validity of the multi-item scales was satisfactory within each of the 14 job groups. Factorial invariance was demonstrated for 10 of the 28 multi-item scales. The hypothesis that the scales of the DPQ were empirically distinct was supported. The final DPQ version consisted of 119 items covering 38 different psychosocial work environment dimensions. Conclusions Overall, the DPQ is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing psychosocial working conditions in a variety of job groups. The results indicate, however, that questions about psychosocial working conditions may be understood differently across job groups, which may have implications for the comparability of questionnaire-based measures of psychosocial working conditions across job groups.
目的 本研究旨在描述丹麦心理社会工作环境问卷（DPQ）的开发和内容，并检验其信度和效度。
方法 我们描述了维度的识别、项目的开发以及 DPQ 的信度和效度的定性和定量测试。在 14 个职业群体的 8958 名员工的分层样本中，评估了 DPQ 的 150 项版本的信度和效度。该样本中有 4340 人做出回应。使用内部一致性和重测信度来评估信度。使用验证性因素分析（CFA）来评估因子有效性。对于每个多项目量表，我们在每个职业群体中进行 CFA，并进行多组 CFA，以调查职业群体之间的因子不变性。最后，使用多组多因素 CFA，我们调查了量表是否具有经验上的区别。
结果 内部一致性信度和重测信度令人满意。多项目量表的因子有效性在 14 个职业群体中的每个群体中都是令人满意的。10 个多项目量表的因子不变性得到了证明。DPQ 量表在经验上具有区别的假设得到了支持。最终的 DPQ 版本由 119 个项目组成，涵盖了 38 个不同的心理社会工作环境维度。
结论 总体而言，DPQ 是一种可靠且有效的工具，可用于评估各种职业群体的心理社会工作条件。然而，结果表明，职业群体之间对心理社会工作条件的理解可能不同，这可能对基于问卷的心理社会工作条件的可比性产生影响。
