Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Neuroimage. 2019 Mar;188:680-693. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.055. Epub 2018 Dec 30.
During brain modulation, repeated mental practice may not always result in efficient learning. Particularly, the effectiveness of mental motor practice depends on how well one induces neural activity in a desired state consistently across mental trials, which calls for feedbacks to adjust one's performance. We hypothesized that even a brief experience of neurofeedback learning enhances trial-by-trial neural pattern consistency during subsequent mental motor execution and that this experience would change recruitment of functional connectivity in the motor imagery and default mode networks. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with two sessions of mental motor practice before and after a neurofeedback training session, in which participants conducted four types of first-person mental motor execution tasks (walking forward, turning left, turning right, and touching a tree). During the neurofeedback training session, in which participants conducted a virtual navigation game, 10 experimental participants received real-time fMRI neuro-feedbacks, while 10 control participants simply repeated the same mental task according to given cues without feedbacks. The experimental group showed significantly higher effects of neuro-feedback training on trial-by-trial consistencies and classification accuracies of activated neural patterns than the control group. Task-performing global node strength and network efficiency were increased in the motor imagery network but decreased in the default mode network only in the experimental group. These results demonstrate that even a brief experience of feedback learning is more effective than simple practice repetitions without evaluation, which was reflected in increased neural pattern consistency and task-dependent functional connectivity during a mental motor execution task.
在大脑调节过程中，重复的心理练习并不总是能带来高效的学习。特别是，心理运动练习的效果取决于一个人在心理试验中如何一致地诱导出所需状态的神经活动，这需要反馈来调整一个人的表现。我们假设，即使是短暂的神经反馈学习经验，也能增强随后心理运动执行过程中逐次试验的神经模式一致性，并且这种经验会改变运动想象和默认模式网络中的功能连接的招募。为了验证这一假设，我们进行了一项实验，在神经反馈训练前后进行了两次心理运动练习，其中参与者进行了四种类型的第一人称心理运动执行任务（向前走、向左转、向右转和触摸一棵树）。在神经反馈训练期间，参与者进行了虚拟导航游戏，10 名实验参与者接受了实时 fMRI 神经反馈，而 10 名对照组参与者则根据给定的提示简单地重复同样的心理任务，没有反馈。实验组在逐次试验的一致性和激活神经模式的分类准确性方面显示出明显更高的神经反馈训练效果，优于对照组。仅在实验组中，运动想象网络中的任务执行全局节点强度和网络效率增加，而默认模式网络中的节点强度和网络效率降低。这些结果表明，即使是短暂的反馈学习经验也比没有评估的简单练习重复更有效，这反映在心理运动执行任务中神经模式一致性和任务相关的功能连接增加。
