NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jul;36(13-14):6769-6796. doi: 10.1177/0886260518820673. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
This study examines whether online sexual harassment (SH) is a unique form of behavior, separate and apart from in-person SH. Data were drawn from the National Survey on Teen Relationships and Intimate Violence (STRiV), a national representative household survey focused on youth interpersonal aggression. A weighted sample of 1,184 youth (12-21 years old) completed a baseline and a follow-up survey 1 year later. Through latent class analysis (LCA), we investigate our first research question of whether there are distinct classes/profiles of mutually exclusive online or in-person SH victims or whether they mostly overlap. Second, does there exist a high-rate group of SH victims who experience most of the SH behaviors both in-person and online? Third, what individual characteristics and behaviors, based on past research, are associated with these identified profiles of SH? LCA did not reveal an in-person-only or online-only SH class. The majority of the sample (78.5%) were represented in a Low/Near Zero SH class; 15.3% in a Sexual Orientation Harassment class suffering sexual orientation-related verbal harassment online and in-person; 4.2% in a Verbal SH class suffering verbal sexual comments, being forced to talk about sex, and being shown sexual pictures in-person and online; and 1.9% in a High SH class featured by a high probability of experiencing all online and in-person forms of SH. Biological sex, attitudes, anger, previous violence exposure, and gender stereotyping each predicted at least one latent class. The findings can help inform the design of more effective interventions to prevent SH, highlighting the overlapping nature of in-person and online SH. Prevention efforts designed to address in-person SH need to also consider online SH and vice versa. Clinicians should also consider the risk factors of SH identified in this study in their work identifying at-risk youth.
本研究旨在探讨网络性骚扰（SH）是否是一种独特的行为形式，与面对面的 SH 行为分开。数据来自全国青少年关系和亲密暴力调查（STRiV），这是一项针对青年人际攻击的全国代表性家庭调查。通过潜在类别分析（LCA），我们调查了我们的第一个研究问题，即是否存在相互排斥的在线或面对面 SH 受害者的不同类别/特征，或者它们是否大多重叠。其次，是否存在一个高比例的 SH 受害者，他们在面对面和在线上都经历了大部分 SH 行为？第三，根据过去的研究，哪些个人特征和行为与这些确定的 SH 特征相关？LCA 没有揭示出仅存在面对面或仅存在在线的 SH 类别。大多数样本（78.5%）代表了低/接近零 SH 类别；15.3%的人在性取向骚扰类别中在线和面对面遭受与性取向相关的言语骚扰；4.2%的人在言语 SH 类别中遭受言语性评论、被迫谈论性以及在线和面对面看到色情图片；1.9%的人在高 SH 类别中表现出高概率的所有在线和面对面形式的 SH。生物性别、态度、愤怒、以前的暴力暴露和性别刻板印象都至少预测了一个潜在类别。这些发现可以帮助设计更有效的干预措施来预防 SH，突出面对面和在线 SH 的重叠性质。旨在解决面对面 SH 的预防工作需要同时考虑在线 SH，反之亦然。临床医生还应在识别高危青年时考虑本研究中确定的 SH 风险因素。
