Department of Sociology III, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
Centre for Research on Ageing & ESRC Centre for Population Change, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Health Soc Care Community. 2019 Jul;27(4):936-952. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12711. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
The diversification of caregiving arrangements in European societies has drawn attention to the factors that condition the use of care by older people. Social and family relations appear as a key factor, mainly to be related to the availability and accessibility to potential informal caregivers. Recent studies evidenced that geographical proximity and a larger social network increase the probability of receiving informal support in old age. However, the ways in which interpersonal relationships are associated with the use of formal care, as well as the cross-country variability of this association, have been barely explored. Using a sample of 37,708 individuals aged 65 and over from Wave 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), this study examines to what extent the characteristics of older people's social networks predict the use of three types of home care; formal, informal, or combined, exploring the cross-European convergences and divergences. Binomial logistic regressions are conducted to compare four macro-regions in continental Europe (northern countries: Denmark and Sweden; western countries: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland, and Luxembourg; southern countries: Italy, Spain, Greece, and Portugal; and eastern countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Estonia, and Croatia). The structure, availability, and accessibility to the members of the social network are the major predictors of the receipt of informal care everywhere. Regional divergences are observed regarding to formal care, alone or combined with informal caregivers.
欧洲社会中照料安排的多样化引起了人们对影响老年人使用照料服务的因素的关注。社会和家庭关系似乎是一个关键因素,主要与潜在的非正式照料者的可用性和可及性有关。最近的研究表明,地理上的接近和更大的社交网络增加了老年人获得非正式支持的可能性。然而,人际关系与正式照料的使用方式之间的关系,以及这种关系在跨国之间的可变性,几乎没有得到探索。本研究使用来自欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查第六波(SHARE)的 37708 名 65 岁及以上的个体样本,考察了老年人社交网络的特征在多大程度上预测了三种类型的家庭护理的使用情况;正式护理、非正式护理或混合护理,并探索了欧洲各国之间的趋同和差异。我们进行了二项逻辑回归,以比较欧洲大陆的四个大区(北欧国家:丹麦和瑞典;西欧国家:奥地利、比利时、法国、德国、瑞士和卢森堡;南欧国家:意大利、西班牙、希腊和葡萄牙;东欧国家:波兰、捷克共和国、斯洛文尼亚、爱沙尼亚和克罗地亚)。社交网络成员的结构、可用性和可及性是在任何地方获得非正式照料的主要预测因素。在单独或与非正式照料者结合使用的正规护理方面,观察到了地区差异。