Magnusson Lina, Bickenbach Jerome
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Disabil Rehabil. 2020 Apr;42(8):1093-1100. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1515267. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
To evaluate the access to human rights of persons with disabilities who use prosthetic and orthotic assistive devices, and to compare groups of participants in terms of gender, residential area, income, and type and level of assistive device. The addressed areas were rights to: health, a standard of living adequate for health, education, marry and establish a family, vote, and work. Questionnaires were used to collect self-reported data from 139 lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic users in Sierra Leone. About half of the participants considered their overall physical health good, while 37% said their mental health was bad. Most said they lacked access to medical care. About half of the participants had regular access to safe drinking water. Most had reasonable housing and 60% could read and write. Half of the participants were married and 70% had children. Almost all reported that they could vote if desired and about half were working. There is still a need for improved access to medical care when needed for persons with lower limb physical disability in Sierra Leone. Better access to food and clean water are also necessary to facilitate a standard of living adequate for health, to realize the health rights of persons with disabilities.Implications for rehabilitationIn Sierra Leone, persons with disabilities need a source of regular income to access basic needs, including clean water, access to food, medical care, and medications which should be considered in addition to providing rehabilitation services.To facilitate implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Sierra Leone's health system needs to be strengthened: an increased number of healthcare staff should be educated, knowledge of disability should be improved in the general public to reduce negative attitudes toward persons with disabilities, persons with disabilities should be included in mainstream health services, and national development policies should target sustainable development goals to a greater extent than during the millennium development goal era.
评估使用假肢和矫形辅助器具的残疾人的人权状况，并在性别、居住地区、收入以及辅助器具的类型和水平方面对参与群体进行比较。所涉及的领域包括：健康权、适足健康生活水准权、受教育权、结婚和组建家庭权、投票权以及工作权。通过问卷调查从塞拉利昂139名下肢假肢和矫形器具使用者那里收集自我报告数据。约一半参与者认为自己的总体身体健康状况良好，而37%的人表示其心理健康状况不佳。大多数人表示他们无法获得医疗保健服务。约一半参与者能定期获得安全饮用水。大多数人有合理的住房，60%的人具备读写能力。一半参与者已婚，70%育有子女。几乎所有人都报告称，如果愿意他们可以投票，约一半人有工作。塞拉利昂下肢身体残疾者在需要时仍有必要改善获得医疗保健服务的机会。更好地获取食物和清洁水对于促进适足健康生活水准、实现残疾人的健康权也很有必要。
康复的意义
在塞拉利昂，残疾人需要有固定收入来源以获取基本需求，包括清洁水、食物、医疗保健服务和药品，除了提供康复服务之外还应考虑这些需求。
为推动《残疾人权利公约》的实施，塞拉利昂卫生系统需要得到加强：应增加接受教育的医护人员数量，提高公众对残疾问题的认识以减少对残疾人的负面态度，将残疾人纳入主流卫生服务，并且国家发展政策应比千年发展目标时代更大程度地以可持续发展目标为目标。
