Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 525 N Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2019 Jun;6(3):552-562. doi: 10.1007/s40615-018-00554-9. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
Disability in older adults leads to poor quality of life, is costly for the health system, and is a risk for mortality. Little is known about disability in older immigrants to the USA.
To synthesize the evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with disability in older adult immigrants.
We conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus. Disability was defined as difficulty in performing basic or instrumental activities of daily living. Older adult was defined as 65 years and older. Immigrant status was defined as someone born outside of the USA.
Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Seven studied Hispanic/Latino immigrants, six studied Asian immigrants, four studied diverse older immigrant samples, and one studied European immigrants. Prevalence of disability ranged from 2 to 49% in Asians and 3 to 58.1% in Hispanic/Latinos. In a diverse sample of immigrants, the prevalence of disability was 19.3%. Correlates of disability included female gender, low income, limited education, single status, migration in late adulthood, obesity, arthritis, and diabetes. Factors protective against disability in older adult immigrants were acculturation, migrating at a younger age, exercise, alcohol intake, and church attendance.
Disability prevalence was generally lower in Asian immigrants compared to Hispanic/Latino immigrants. Identification of the precise rates and factors associated with disability in older immigrants can inform health interventions for this population.
老年人残疾会导致生活质量下降，给医疗系统带来沉重负担，并且是死亡的风险因素。关于移民到美国的老年人的残疾情况知之甚少。
综合评估老年移民中残疾的流行率和相关因素。
我们在 PubMed、Embase、护理与联合健康文献累积索引（CINAHL）和 Scopus 中进行了检索。残疾被定义为完成基本或工具性日常生活活动的困难。老年人定义为 65 岁及以上。移民身份定义为出生于美国境外的人。
有 18 篇文章符合纳入标准。其中 7 篇研究了西班牙裔/拉丁裔移民，6 篇研究了亚洲移民，4 篇研究了不同的老年移民样本，1 篇研究了欧洲移民。亚洲人的残疾流行率从 2%到 49%不等，西班牙裔/拉丁裔的残疾流行率从 3%到 58.1%不等。在一个多样化的移民样本中，残疾的流行率为 19.3%。残疾的相关因素包括女性、低收入、低教育水平、单身状态、成年后移民、肥胖、关节炎和糖尿病。对老年移民的残疾具有保护作用的因素包括文化适应、年轻移民、锻炼、饮酒和参加教堂活动。
与西班牙裔/拉丁裔移民相比，亚洲移民的残疾流行率普遍较低。确定老年移民中确切的残疾率和相关因素可以为该人群的健康干预提供信息。
