Smith K M, Cohen F L
Center for Narcolepsy Research, University of Illinois, College of Nursing, Chicago 60612.
Int J Neurosci. 1988 Oct;42(3-4):209-27. doi: 10.3109/00207458808991597.
A review of studies of sleep in three-month-old infants, narcoleptics, and normal adults indicates that the sleep pattern in compound narcolepsy is in many ways involuted. Similarities in sleep onsets, REM-specific movement, REM dissociation, ambiguous sleep, nocturnal arousals, diurnal sleep-wake cycles, and relatively limited quiet-awake time are discussed as part of a global inability to inhibit state changes common to both infants and compound narcoleptics. The analogy with infant sleep patterns and results of studies of brain function in narcoleptics suggest that forebrain inhibitory processes are more important in narcoleptic symptomology than is brainstem dysfunction. Puberty and old age are critical periods for the development or exacerbation of the involuted sleep pattern. Closer study of the early development of narcoleptics and of lability of state changes in narcolepsy may aid in diagnosis and prognosis for susceptible individuals.
一项对三个月大婴儿、发作性睡病患者和正常成年人睡眠情况的研究综述表明，复合型发作性睡病的睡眠模式在很多方面都退化了。睡眠起始、快速眼动（REM）特异性运动、REM分离、模糊睡眠、夜间觉醒、昼夜睡眠-清醒周期以及相对有限的安静清醒时间等方面的相似性，被作为婴儿和复合型发作性睡病患者共有的无法抑制状态变化这一整体情况的一部分进行了讨论。与婴儿睡眠模式的类比以及发作性睡病患者脑功能研究结果表明，在前脑抑制过程在发作性睡病症状学中比脑干功能障碍更为重要。青春期和老年期是退化性睡眠模式发展或加重的关键时期。对发作性睡病患者早期发育以及发作性睡病状态变化易变性的进一步研究，可能有助于对易感个体进行诊断和预后评估。
