Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Hamostaseologie. 2019 Jun;39(2):128-139. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1675614. Epub 2019 Jan 8.
Haemostasis encompasses a set of strictly regulated actions, such as vasoconstriction, platelet activation and blood coagulation. Endothelial cells play a crucial role in all of these processes and are an integral part of the vascular response to injury resulting in thrombus formation. Healthy endothelium expresses mediators to prevent platelet activation, including prostacyclin and nitric oxide, and to inhibit coagulation, such as thrombomodulin or RNase1. Upon activation, endothelial cells expose von Willebrand factor, integrins and other receptors to interact with activated platelets, erythrocytes and coagulation factors, respectively, resulting in blood clot formation. The endothelial cell response to cytokines and growth factors released from activated platelets and immune cells abundantly present in arterial and venous thrombi also plays an important role for thrombus resolution, whereas failure to completely resolve thrombi may initiate fibrotic remodelling and chronic vascular occlusion both in the arterial and venous tree. Therefore, endothelial cells are increasingly recognized as potential target to prevent thrombotic events and to accelerate thrombus resolution. Here, we discuss recent publications from our group in the context of other studies on the role of the endothelium during acute and chronic thrombotic events.
止血包括一系列严格调节的作用，如血管收缩、血小板激活和血液凝固。内皮细胞在所有这些过程中都起着至关重要的作用，是血管对损伤反应导致血栓形成的一个组成部分。健康的内皮细胞表达介质来防止血小板激活，包括前列环素和一氧化氮，并抑制凝血，如血栓调节蛋白或核糖核酸酶 1。内皮细胞激活后，暴露出血管性血友病因子、整合素和其他受体，分别与激活的血小板、红细胞和凝血因子相互作用，导致血栓形成。内皮细胞对细胞因子和生长因子的反应，这些细胞因子和生长因子是由激活的血小板和大量存在于动脉和静脉血栓中的免疫细胞释放的，对于血栓溶解也起着重要作用，而未能完全溶解血栓可能会导致动脉和静脉树中的纤维性重塑和慢性血管闭塞。因此，内皮细胞越来越被认为是预防血栓形成事件和加速血栓溶解的潜在靶点。在这里，我们将讨论我们小组最近在其他研究中关于内皮细胞在急性和慢性血栓形成事件中的作用的出版物。
