a Washington State Department of Labor and Industries , SHARP , Olympia , WA , USA.
J Agromedicine. 2019 Apr;24(2):205-214. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2019.1566106. Epub 2019 Jan 22.
Current industry classification systems in the United States do not differentiate mechanized and nonmechanized logging operations. The objectives of this article are to quantify injury risk differences between mechanized and nonmechanized logging operations in Washington State and to evaluate for potential injury risk tradeoffs, such as decreasing traumatic injuries while increasing nontraumatic injuries that might occur when mechanized logging operations are substituted for nonmechanized logging operations.
Using Washington State workers' compensation insurance risk classes to differentiate mechanized and nonmechanized logging operations, injury and illness claims data and employer reported hours were used to compare claim rates and to characterize injuries by type of logging operation.
From 2005 to 2014, the accepted Washington State worker's compensation claim rate for nonmechanized logging was 46.4 per 100 full-time equivalent employees compared to 6.7 per 100 full-time equivalent (FTE) for mechanized logging activities. The rate ratio for comparing nonmechanized to mechanized logging claims rates for all accepted claims was 6.9 (95% Confidence Interval 6.4-7.5). Claim rates for traumatic injury and nontraumatic injuries in nonmechanized logging exceeded comparable rates in mechanized logging activities, although the distribution of types of injury differed by type of logging operation. A greater percentage of accepted claims in nonmechanized logging were traumatic injuries than in mechanized logging (92.2% vs. 85.0%, respectively). In addition, nonmechanized logging had higher total claim and medical costs per FTE and had a higher proportion of claims with lost work time than mechanized logging.
Mechanized logging offers a considerable safety advantage over nonmechanized logging operations. Continued efforts to increase the mechanization of logging operations will result in decreased injury rates.
美国现行的行业分类系统无法区分机械化和非机械化采伐作业。本文的目的是量化华盛顿州机械化和非机械化采伐作业的伤害风险差异，并评估潜在的伤害风险权衡，例如在机械化采伐作业替代非机械化采伐作业时，减少创伤性伤害，同时增加可能发生的非创伤性伤害。
利用华盛顿州工人赔偿保险风险类别来区分机械化和非机械化采伐作业，使用伤害和疾病索赔数据以及雇主报告的工时来比较索赔率，并根据采伐作业类型来描述伤害。
2005 年至 2014 年，非机械化采伐的华盛顿州工人补偿接受索赔率为每 100 名全职等效员工 46.4 例，而机械化采伐活动为每 100 名全职等效员工 6.7 例。将非机械化与机械化采伐索赔率进行比较的比率为 6.9（95%置信区间为 6.4-7.5）。非机械化采伐的创伤性和非创伤性伤害索赔率均高于机械化采伐活动，尽管伤害类型的分布因采伐作业类型而异。非机械化采伐的接受索赔中，创伤性伤害的比例高于机械化采伐（分别为 92.2%和 85.0%）。此外，非机械化采伐的每全职等效员工总索赔和医疗费用更高，且丧失工作时间的索赔比例高于机械化采伐。
机械化采伐比非机械化采伐作业具有显著的安全优势。继续努力提高采伐作业的机械化程度将降低伤害率。
