Liu Fei, Xu Xia, Tu Bo-Wen, Wang Chu-Qiao, Jiang Xiao-Dong, Wang Li-Ping, Xue Yin-Gang
School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
Changzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou 213022, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2019 Feb 8;40(2):567-572. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201808017.
Concentrated poultry feeding operations are an important source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Little attention has been given to PM as a mechanism for exposing ARGs to humans. In this study, PM and fecal samples from inside the broiler feeding operation and PM samples from outside the broiler feeding operation were collected. All samples were subjected to the determination of class Ⅰ integrin (), total bacterial gene (16S rDNA), and 19 ARGs of six types by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results indicated that, excluding and , the remaining 17 ARGs were detected in all six samples. Sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and aminoglycoside resistance genes were abundant in the feces, reaching 1.04×10-3.27×10 copies·g, while feces was an important source of antibiotic resistance genes in PM of the broiler feeding operation. There were high abundances of sulfonamide resistance genes and macrolide resistance genes in PM from inside the broiler feeding operation, reaching (8.9±1.9)×10 copies·m and (5.6±3.1)×10 copies·m, respectively. The abundance of ARGs in the PM samples from inside the broiler feeding operation was significantly higher compared to the outside PM samples. There was a significant positive correlation between PM mass concentration and 16S rDNA, , and ARGs abundance, indicating that PM was the reservoir and disseminator of airborne bacteria, ARGs, and in the broiler feeding operation. The abundance of was higher than ARGs among all samples, and the co-occurring relationship between and ARGs demonstrates the threat of multi-drug resistance, which is harmful to the surrounding air environment and the health of the breeder and poultry.
集约化家禽饲养场是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的重要来源。作为ARGs暴露于人类的一种机制，颗粒物（PM）很少受到关注。在本研究中，采集了肉鸡饲养场内的PM和粪便样本以及饲养场外的PM样本。所有样本均通过定量实时PCR（qPCR）测定Ⅰ类整合子（）、总细菌基因（16S rDNA）和六种类型的19种ARGs。结果表明，除和外，其余17种ARGs在所有六个样本中均被检测到。粪便中磺胺类抗性基因、四环素类抗性基因、大环内酯类抗性基因和氨基糖苷类抗性基因丰富，达到1.04×10 - 3.27×10拷贝·g，而粪便为肉鸡饲养场PM中抗生素抗性基因的重要来源。肉鸡饲养场内PM中磺胺类抗性基因和大环内酯类抗性基因丰度较高，分别达到（8.9±1.9）×10拷贝·m和（5.6±3.1）×10拷贝·m。与饲养场外的PM样本相比，饲养场内PM样本中ARGs的丰度显著更高。PM质量浓度与16S rDNA、和ARGs丰度之间存在显著正相关，表明PM是肉鸡饲养场空气中细菌、ARGs和的储存库和传播者。所有样本中丰度均高于ARGs，且与ARGs的共现关系表明了多重耐药性的威胁，这对周围空气环境以及饲养员和家禽的健康有害。
