Traumatic internal mammary arteriovenous fistula. A case report and review of the literature.

A rare case of arteriovenous fistula of the right mammary artery following penetrating chest wound is reported. The patient was treated one week later because of right-sided hemothorax associated with diastolic machinary murmur. Selective digital subtraction angiography showed a fistulous communication connecting the right internal mammary vessels. The fistula was cured through a right anterolateral thoracotomy. The surgical literature is reviewed.