Aghajari Parvaneh, Valizadeh Leila, Zamanzadeh Vahid, Ghahramanian Akram, Foronda Cynthia
Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2019 Sep;33(3):609-620. doi: 10.1111/scs.12654. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
Cultural sensitivity is a core concept to establish awareness and knowledge about various ethnicities, cultures, genders and additional diversity characteristics to understand individual's requests and respond appropriately to them. A need for further development of the concept is warranted, especially in the context of paediatric nursing.
The purpose of this paper was to determine the main elements of cultural sensitivity in the context of paediatric nursing in Iran.
The Hybrid method was implemented consisting of three phases: theoretical, fieldwork and final analysis. In the theoretical phase, articles from 2007 to 2017 were reviewed for relevance. In the phase of fieldwork, 25 nurses and nine parents were interviewed to explore the aspects of cultural sensitivity in paediatric nursing. The interviews were transcribed, and content analysis was conducted. In the final phase, an overall analysis of the two previous phases was performed.
In the theoretical phase, the following attributes were determined: cultural encounter and awareness, acceptance of cultural diversity and designing programmes in accordance with family culture. The fieldwork phase explored three themes of intercultural encounters, intercultural communication and adapting the care plan with family culture. The final synthesis yielded that sensitivity to family requests and beliefs, effective intercultural communication and integration of family culture with the care plan are the main elements of cultural sensitivity in Iranian paediatric nursing.
With a deeper understanding of the term cultural sensitivity, nurses will have a foundation to improve paediatric nursing care and align the care plan with the patient's culture to provide trust, child/parent participation, secure care, effective communication and satisfaction. Since the concepts are the building blocks that underpin theory, the present concepts identified can help to serve as the foundation for the development of a theoretical model.
文化敏感性是一个核心概念，旨在建立对不同种族、文化、性别及其他多样性特征的认识和了解，以便理解个体需求并做出恰当回应。尤其是在儿科护理领域，该概念有进一步发展的必要。
本文旨在确定伊朗儿科护理背景下文化敏感性的主要要素。
采用混合方法，包括三个阶段：理论阶段、实地调研阶段和最终分析阶段。在理论阶段，对2007年至2017年的相关文章进行综述。在实地调研阶段，对25名护士和9名家长进行访谈，以探讨儿科护理中文化敏感性的各个方面。对访谈内容进行转录并开展内容分析。在最后阶段，对前两个阶段进行全面分析。
在理论阶段，确定了以下属性：文化接触与意识、对文化多样性的接受以及根据家庭文化设计方案。实地调研阶段探索了跨文化接触、跨文化交流以及使护理计划与家庭文化相适应这三个主题。最终综合得出，对家庭需求和信仰的敏感性、有效的跨文化交流以及将家庭文化与护理计划相结合是伊朗儿科护理中文化敏感性的主要要素。
通过更深入地理解文化敏感性这一术语，护士将有基础改善儿科护理，使护理计划与患者文化相契合，从而提供信任、儿童/家长参与、安全护理、有效沟通及满意度。由于这些概念是支撑理论的基石，目前确定的这些概念有助于为理论模型的发展奠定基础。
