Lajeunesse C, Villeneuve A
Chargé d'enselgnement au Département de Psychiatrie de l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Encephale. 1988 Sep;14 Spec No:241-9.
Tardive dyskinesia, an extrapyramidal syndrome consisting of involuntary hyperkinetic movements, is a serious side effect induced by the administration, usually on a long-term basis, of neuroleptic therapy mostly for psychotic disorders. Therefore, psychopathologic disturbances, florid or residual may coexist with the appearance and persistence of tardive dyskinesia. Thus, the exact nature of the psychopathology observed with the presence of tardive dyskinesia and its origin is difficult to delineate and to assess. Indeed, the psychopathological findings observed can possibly originate from the initial psychiatric disorder itself from the intrinsic effect of the neuroleptic medication on psychic processes, may be specifically related to tardive dyskinesia, or be the result of all these factors. Cognitive, thymic or psychotic disturbances have been closely associated with tardive dyskinesia, but their systematic studies is still scarce. Based on these findings, some tentative therapeutic considerations will be outlined, keeping in mind that exact nature and origin of these disturbances still remains to be elucidated, that no really specific and generally effective treatment of tardive dyskinesia has been found.
迟发性运动障碍是一种锥体外系综合征，由不自主的运动亢进组成，是长期使用抗精神病药物治疗精神疾病所引发的严重副作用。因此，无论是明显的还是残留的精神病理障碍都可能与迟发性运动障碍的出现和持续存在同时存在。所以，在迟发性运动障碍存在的情况下所观察到的精神病理学的确切性质及其起源很难界定和评估。事实上，所观察到的精神病理学发现可能源于最初的精神疾病本身，源于抗精神病药物对心理过程的内在影响，可能与迟发性运动障碍有特定关联，或者是所有这些因素共同作用的结果。认知、情绪或精神障碍与迟发性运动障碍密切相关，但对它们的系统研究仍然很少。基于这些发现，将概述一些初步的治疗考虑因素，同时要记住这些障碍的确切性质和起源仍有待阐明，尚未找到真正特效且普遍有效的迟发性运动障碍治疗方法。
