Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
Br J Health Psychol. 2019 May;24(2):298-314. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12354. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
This study provides an insight into associations between: (1) parental and child perceptions of parental strategies restricting screen use among children, (2) child perceptions of the presence and availability of screen-based equipment at home, (3) child sedentary screen use behaviours, and (4) child body fat.
A prospective study with two assessment periods (Time 1, T1; Time 2, T2), spanning 7-8 months.
At T1, 879 parent-child dyads (83.3% mothers; 52.3% girls) were enrolled and provided parental and child (5-11 years old) self-report data. T2 data were obtained from 603 dyads. Child body fat was measured with bioimpedance method (T1 and T2). Path analysis was used to test models calculated with and without additional covariates, such as parental and child age and gender, parental education, and economic status.
Path analysis indicated indirect effects of the presence and availability of screen-based equipment at home (T1) on child body fat (T2), with screen use among children (T1) mediating this association. Parental perceptions of restrictions (T1) were unrelated to child body fat (T2). In contrast, child perceptions of parental restrictions (T1) predicted child body fat (T2). Children who perceived that their parents applied a higher level of restrictions (T1) had a lower body fat at the 7- to 8-month follow-up. These associations were found after controlling for baseline levels of child body fat, across models calculated with and without additional covariates.
Child, not parental perceptions of parental restrictions, predicted better obesity-related outcomes in children, such as lower body fat. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Little is known about effects of parental restrictions of screen use on child body fat. Evidence is mostly cross-sectional, except from a recent investigation by Sleddens, Gubbels, Kremers, van der Plas, and Thijs (). To date, effects of parental (not children's) reports of screen use restrictions were investigated. What does this study add? Children reporting more parental restrictions of screen use have less body fat at a follow-up. Parental reports of screen use restrictions are unrelated to child screen use and body fat. Frequent screen use mediate between the number of screen devices at home and higher child body fat.
本研究旨在探讨以下方面之间的关联：（1）父母和儿童对父母限制儿童使用屏幕的策略的看法，（2）儿童对家庭中存在和可获得的屏幕设备的看法，（3）儿童久坐的屏幕使用行为，以及（4）儿童体脂肪。
一项前瞻性研究，有两个评估期（时间 1，T1；时间 2，T2），时间跨度为 7-8 个月。
在 T1 时，879 对父母-儿童（83.3%为母亲；52.3%为女孩）被纳入研究，并提供了父母和儿童（5-11 岁）的自我报告数据。T2 数据来自 603 对。儿童体脂肪用生物阻抗法测量（T1 和 T2）。路径分析用于测试有和没有额外协变量的模型，如父母和儿童的年龄和性别、父母的教育程度和经济状况。
路径分析表明，家庭中存在和可获得的屏幕设备（T1）对儿童体脂肪（T2）的间接影响，儿童的屏幕使用（T1）在这一关联中起中介作用。父母对限制的看法（T1）与儿童体脂肪（T2）无关。相比之下，儿童对父母限制的看法（T1）预测了儿童体脂肪（T2）。那些认为父母实施了更高水平限制的儿童（T1）在 7 至 8 个月的随访中体脂肪较低。在控制了儿童体脂肪的基线水平后，在有和没有额外协变量的模型中都发现了这些关联。
儿童对父母限制的看法，而不是父母对限制的看法，预测了儿童肥胖相关结果的改善，例如体脂肪降低。
关于这个主题，目前已知的是什么？对于父母限制儿童使用屏幕对儿童体脂肪的影响，了解甚少。除了 Sleddens、Gubbels、Kremers、van der Plas 和 Thijs（）最近的一项研究外，证据大多是横断面的。到目前为止，研究了父母（而不是儿童）对屏幕使用限制的报告的影响。
本研究有何新发现？报告父母对屏幕使用限制较多的儿童在随访时体脂肪较少。父母对屏幕使用限制的报告与儿童的屏幕使用和体脂肪无关。频繁的屏幕使用使家庭中存在的屏幕设备数量与儿童体脂肪增加之间产生关联。
