Pathy S J
University Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
J Hypertens Suppl. 1988 Nov;6(1):S37-40.
Hypertension is a cardinal risk factor in the genesis of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The presence of concomitant risk factors greatly increases the incidence of vascular events, and associations of age, hypertension, obesity and smoking are particularly lethal combinations. Accelerated atherosclerotic change characterizes sustained hypertension, and ischaemic heart disease, aortic dissection, stroke and multi-infarct dementia are major sequelae. Major studies in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom have shown that treatment of hypertension significantly reduces the occurrence of strokes. Obesity and excess alcohol consumption closely correlate with hypertension. The relative importance to hypertension of type II diabetes and obesity is difficult to evaluate.
高血压是心血管疾病发病和死亡的主要危险因素。并存的危险因素会大大增加血管事件的发生率，而年龄、高血压、肥胖和吸烟之间的关联是特别致命的组合。持续性高血压的特征是动脉粥样硬化加速变化，缺血性心脏病、主动脉夹层、中风和多发性梗死性痴呆是其主要后遗症。美国、澳大利亚和英国的主要研究表明，高血压治疗可显著降低中风的发生率。肥胖和过量饮酒与高血压密切相关。II型糖尿病和肥胖对高血压的相对重要性难以评估。
