Área de Urgencias, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona; Grupo de Investigación "Urgencias: Procesos y Patologías", IDIBAPS, Barcelona, España. Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, España.
Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, España.
Emergencias. 2018;30(6):385-394.
To analyze epidemiologic, clinical, and care characteristics in cases in which patients came to 2 Spanish emergency departments (EDs) with symptoms caused by recreational drug abuse. To compare the characteristics with those reported for other areas of Europe.
Secondary analysis of the registry of the European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN Plus), which collects cases in 14 European countries and 20 EDs. The registry included all patients attending EDs with symptoms of recreational drug abuse (excepting cases involving alcohol alone) over a period of 39 consecutive months (October 2013 to December 2016). We compared the cases from the 2 Spanish EDs (in Barcelona and Palma de Mallorca) to those from the 5 EDs in Ireland and the UK, 6 in northern Europe, and 7 in central Europe.
A total of 17 104 patients' cases were included: Spain, 1186; UK and Ireland, 6653; northern Europe, 6097; and central Europe, 3168. Spain saw more emergencies related to cocaine (48.4%) and fewer related to opioids (12.4%) than the other areas. The Spanish patients were younger (32.2 years) on average than those in northern Europe and older than those in the UK and Ireland and central Europe. Fewer patients were women in Spain (21.9%) than in northern or central Europe. Fewer arrived in ambulances in Spain (70.0%) than in the UK and Ireland or northern Europe. The Spanish EDs recorded the temperature and respiratory frequency of fewer patients (29.8% and 30.3%, respectively). Clinical signs differed between geographical areas attributable to differences in drug-use patterns. In Spain, naloxone was used by fewer patients (9.6%) than in the UK and Ireland and northern Europe, and flumazenil was used by more patients (5.6%) than in other areas. Spain saw lower percentages of admissions (4.6%) and patients who left without an ED discharge (6.2%) in comparison with other areas. Mortality rates in the Spanish EDs (0.4%) and after discharge from them (0.7%) were higher than in northern Europe.
The characteristics of emergencies related to recreational drug abuse registered by the Spanish EDs were differed from those registered in other parts of Europe due to different patterns of drug use. We also detected differences between the Spanish and other European EDs with respect to examinations or tests performed, treatment given, and discharge disposition.
分析因滥用娱乐性药物导致症状而前往西班牙 2 家急诊科就诊的患者的流行病学、临床和护理特征。并将这些特征与欧洲其他地区报告的特征进行比较。
对欧洲药物紧急网络（Euro-DEN Plus）登记处的二次分析，该登记处收集了 14 个欧洲国家和 20 家急诊科因滥用娱乐性药物（不包括仅涉及酒精的病例）出现症状的所有患者。登记处包括在 39 个月的连续时间内（2013 年 10 月至 2016 年 12 月）到西班牙 2 家急诊科（巴塞罗那和帕尔马马略卡）就诊的所有患者。我们将这 2 家西班牙急诊科的病例与爱尔兰和英国的 5 家急诊科、北欧的 6 家急诊科和中欧的 7 家急诊科的病例进行了比较。
共纳入 17104 例患者：西班牙 1186 例，英国和爱尔兰 6653 例，北欧 6097 例，中欧 3168 例。西班牙与可卡因相关的急诊数量更多（48.4%），与阿片类药物相关的急诊数量更少（12.4%），与其他地区相比。西班牙患者的平均年龄（32.2 岁）低于北欧患者，高于英国和爱尔兰以及中欧患者。西班牙女性患者比例较低（21.9%），低于北欧或中欧。西班牙救护车到达的患者比例较低（70.0%），低于英国和爱尔兰或北欧。西班牙急诊科记录的体温和呼吸频率较低（分别为 29.8%和 30.3%）。由于用药模式的差异，不同地理区域的临床体征存在差异。在西班牙，纳洛酮的使用比例低于英国和爱尔兰以及北欧（9.6%），氟马西尼的使用比例高于其他地区（5.6%）。与其他地区相比，西班牙急诊科的住院率（4.6%）和急诊科出院后离院率（6.2%）较低。西班牙急诊科（0.4%）和出院后（0.7%）的死亡率高于北欧。
西班牙急诊科记录的与娱乐性药物滥用相关的急诊特征因用药模式不同而与欧洲其他地区记录的特征不同。我们还发现，西班牙急诊科与其他欧洲急诊科在检查或测试、治疗和出院处置方面存在差异。
