Radiation Oncology Department, Central University Hospital of Defence Gómez Ulla, Madrid, Spain.
Radiation Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2019 Aug;21(8):992-1004. doi: 10.1007/s12094-018-02027-1. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
Harnessing the patient's own immune system against an established cancer has proven to be a successful strategy. Within the last years, several antibodies blocking critical "checkpoints" that control the activation of T cells, the immune cells able to kill cancer cells, have been approved for the use in patients with different tumours. Unfortunately, these cases remain a minority. Over the last years, radiotherapy has been reported as a means to turn a patient's own tumour into an in situ vaccine and generate anti-tumour T cells in patients who lack sufficient anti-tumour immunity. Indeed, review data show that the strategy of blocking multiple selected immune inhibitory targets in combination with radiotherapy has the potential to unleash powerful anti-tumour responses and improve the outcome of metastatic solid tumours. Here, we review the principal tumours where research in this field has led to new knowledge and where radioimmunotherapy becomes a reality.
利用患者自身的免疫系统对抗已确立的癌症已被证明是一种成功的策略。在过去的几年中，已经批准了几种抗体来阻断控制 T 细胞激活的关键“检查点”，T 细胞是能够杀死癌细胞的免疫细胞，用于治疗不同肿瘤的患者。不幸的是，这些情况仍然是少数。近年来，放疗已被报道为一种将患者自身的肿瘤转化为原位疫苗的手段，并在缺乏足够抗肿瘤免疫力的患者中产生抗肿瘤 T 细胞。事实上，综述数据表明，阻断多个选定的免疫抑制靶点与放疗相结合的策略有可能释放强大的抗肿瘤反应，并改善转移性实体瘤的预后。在这里，我们回顾了该领域的研究导致新知识产生的主要肿瘤，以及放射免疫治疗成为现实的主要肿瘤。
