Prescrire Int. 2016 Oct;25(175):238-240.
The results of two large epidemiological studies on the association between domperidone and ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death were published in 2015; one study was conducted in Taiwan and the other in the United Kingdom. They also examined metoclopramide. Both studies demonstrated an increased risk of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmia with metoclopramide, similar to the risk associated with domperidone. The results concerning domperidone were consistent with those of previous studies. In particular, they showed that the risk was higher with doses greater than 30 mg per day or with concomitant use of inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP3A4, which reduce domperidone clearance. In practice, metoclopramide has a marginal role in patient care, with minor efficacy. Domperidone should not be used at all; its efficacy at the approved dose, beyond a placebo effect, is uncertain.
两项关于多潘立酮与室性心律失常或心源性猝死之间关联的大型流行病学研究结果于2015年发表；一项研究在台湾进行，另一项在英国进行。它们还对甲氧氯普胺进行了研究。两项研究均表明，甲氧氯普胺会增加心源性猝死和室性心律失常的风险，这与多潘立酮相关风险相似。关于多潘立酮的研究结果与之前的研究一致。特别是，研究表明，每日剂量大于30毫克或同时使用细胞色素P450同工酶CYP3A4抑制剂（会降低多潘立酮清除率）时风险更高。在实际应用中，甲氧氯普胺在患者护理中的作用微乎其微，疗效也不显著。根本不应使用多潘立酮；其在批准剂量下的疗效，除了安慰剂效应外，尚不确定。
