Gustavsen Pia Helene, Nielsen Dorte Guldbrand, Paltved Charlotte, Konge Lars, Nayahangan Leizl Joy
a Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES) , The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen , Denmark.
b Department of Cardiology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital , Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark.
Scand Cardiovasc J. 2019 Feb;53(1):35-41. doi: 10.1080/14017431.2019.1569716. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
New training methods such as simulation have been introduced in cardiology as in other specialties; however, the development of effective simulation-based training programs is challenging. They are often unstructured and based on convenience or coincidence. The objective of this study was to perform a nationwide general needs assessment to identify and prioritize technical procedures that should be included in a simulation-based curriculum for cardiology residency in Denmark.
We completed a needs assessment using the Delphi method among key opinion leaders in cardiology. Brainstorming in round 1 identified technical procedures that future cardiologists should learn. Round 2 was a survey to examine frequency of procedure, number of cardiologists performing the procedure, operator-related risk and/or discomfort for patients and feasibility for simulation. Round 3 was final elimination and prioritization of procedures.
Ninety-four key opinion leaders were included, and the response rates were 77% (round 1), 62% (Round 2), and 68% (Round 3). Twenty-four technical procedures were identified in Round 1 and pre-prioritized in Round 2. In round 3, 13 procedures were included in the final prioritized list. The five highly prioritized procedures eligible for simulation-based training were advanced life support, pleurocentesis, transesophageal echocardiography, coronary angiography, and pericardiocentesis.
The general needs assessment following the Delphi process identified and prioritized 13 technical procedures in cardiology that should be integrated in a simulation-based curriculum. The final list provides educators a guide when developing simulation-based training programmes for cardiology residents.
与其他专科一样，心脏病学领域已引入了模拟等新的培训方法；然而，开发有效的基于模拟的培训项目具有挑战性。这些项目往往缺乏结构，且基于便利性或偶然性。本研究的目的是在全国范围内进行一项总体需求评估，以确定丹麦心脏病学住院医师基于模拟的课程中应包含的技术操作，并对其进行优先级排序。
我们采用德尔菲法在心脏病学关键意见领袖中完成了一项需求评估。第一轮头脑风暴确定了未来心脏病学家应学习的技术操作。第二轮是一项调查，以检查操作频率、执行该操作的心脏病学家数量、与操作者相关的风险和/或患者的不适以及模拟的可行性。第三轮是对操作进行最终筛选和优先级排序。
纳入了94名关键意见领袖，回复率分别为77%（第一轮）、62%（第二轮）和68%（第三轮）。第一轮确定了24项技术操作，并在第二轮中进行了预排序。在第三轮中，13项操作被列入最终的优先级列表。有五项高度优先的操作符合基于模拟的培训条件，分别是高级生命支持、胸腔穿刺术、经食管超声心动图检查、冠状动脉造影和心包穿刺术。
遵循德尔菲法进行的总体需求评估确定了心脏病学领域13项技术操作，并对其进行了优先级排序，这些操作应纳入基于模拟的课程中。最终列表为教育工作者在为心脏病学住院医师开发基于模拟的培训项目时提供了指导。
