Laboratoire de Biochimie, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay,91128 Palaiseau CEDEX, France.
Genes (Basel). 2019 Jan 15;10(1):49. doi: 10.3390/genes10010049.
The control of gene expression is a multi-layered process occurring at the level of DNA, RNA, and proteins. With the emergence of highly sensitive techniques, new aspects of RNA regulation have been uncovered leading to the emerging field of epitranscriptomics dealing with RNA modifications. Among those post-transcriptional modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent in messenger RNAs (mRNAs). This mark can either prevent or stimulate the formation of RNA-protein complexes, thereby influencing mRNA-related mechanisms and cellular processes. This review focuses on proteins containing a YTH domain (for YT521-B Homology), a small building block, that selectively detects the m6A nucleotide embedded within a consensus motif. Thereby, it contributes to the recruitment of various effectors involved in the control of mRNA fates through adjacent regions present in the different YTH-containing proteins.
基因表达的调控是一个发生在 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质水平的多层次过程。随着高度敏感技术的出现，RNA 调控的新方面被揭示出来，导致了新兴的 RNA 修饰组学领域的出现。在这些转录后修饰中，N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是信使 RNA（mRNA）中最常见的一种。这种修饰既可以阻止也可以刺激 RNA-蛋白质复合物的形成，从而影响与 mRNA 相关的机制和细胞过程。这篇综述重点介绍了含有 YTH 结构域（用于 YT521-B 同源性）的蛋白质，这是一个小的构建模块，它选择性地检测嵌入在共有基序中的 m6A 核苷酸。由此，它有助于通过不同 YTH 蛋白中存在的相邻区域招募各种参与控制 mRNA 命运的效应子。
