Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology Unit, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Assisi, Italy.
FASEB J. 2019 Apr;33(4):5482-5494. doi: 10.1096/fj.201801862R. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by anorexia, body wasting, and muscle and adipose tissue loss, impairing patient's tolerance to anticancer treatments and survival. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects induced in mice by tumor growth alone (C26) or in combination with chemotherapy [C26 oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (oxfu)] and to evaluate the potential of moderate exercise. Oxfu administration to C26 mice exacerbated muscle wasting and triggered autophagy or mitophagy, decreased protein synthesis, and induced mitochondrial alterations. Exercise in C26 oxfu mice counteracted the loss of muscle mass and strength, partially rescuing autophagy and mitochondrial function. Nevertheless, exercise worsened survival in C26 oxfu mice in late stages of cachexia. In summary, chemotherapy further impinges on cancer-induced alterations, worsening muscle wasting. An ideal multifactorial and early intervention to prevent cancer cachexia could take advantage of exercise, improving patient's energy metabolism, mobility, and quality of life.-Ballarò, R., Beltrà, M., De Lucia, S., Pin, F., Ranjbar, K., Hulmi, J. J., Costelli, P., Penna, F. Moderate exercise in mice improves cancer plus chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting and mitochondrial alterations.
癌症恶病质是一种多因素综合征，其特征为厌食、消瘦、肌肉和脂肪组织丧失，从而降低了患者对癌症治疗和生存的耐受性。本研究旨在比较肿瘤单独生长（C26）或联合化疗[C26 奥沙利铂和 5-氟尿嘧啶（oxfu）]对小鼠产生的影响，并评估适度运动的潜力。奥沙利铂给药加重了 C26 小鼠的肌肉消耗，并引发自噬或线粒体自噬，减少蛋白质合成，并诱导线粒体改变。C26 oxfu 小鼠中的运动可抵抗肌肉质量和力量的丧失，部分恢复自噬和线粒体功能。然而，运动在 C26 oxfu 小鼠恶病质后期阶段恶化了生存。总之，化疗进一步影响癌症引起的改变，加剧肌肉消耗。一种理想的多因素和早期干预措施，以预防癌症恶病质，可以利用运动，改善患者的能量代谢、活动能力和生活质量。
