Immunization Safety Office, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.
Immunization Safety Office, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019 Apr;143(4):1465-1473. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.1003. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
Anaphylaxis, a rare and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction, can occur after vaccination.
We sought to describe reports of anaphylaxis after vaccination made to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during 1990-2016.
We identified domestic reports of anaphylaxis within VAERS using a combination of Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activity queries and Preferred Terms. We performed a descriptive analysis, including history of hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis, respiratory allergies, and drug allergies) and vaccines given. We reviewed all serious reports and all nonserious reports with available medical records to determine if they met the Brighton Collaboration case definition for anaphylaxis or received a physician's diagnosis.
During the analytic period, VAERS received 467,960 total reports; 828 met the Brighton Collaboration case definition or received a physician's diagnosis of anaphylaxis: 654 (79%) were classified as serious, and 669 (81%) had medical records available. Of 478 reports in children aged less than 19 years, 65% were male; childhood vaccines were most commonly reported. Of 350 reports in persons aged 19 years or greater, 80% were female, and influenza vaccines were most frequently reported. Overall, 41% of reports described persons with no history of hypersensitivity. We identified 8 deaths, 4 among persons with no history of hypersensitivity.
Anaphylaxis after vaccination is rare in the United States and can occur among persons with no history of hypersensitivity. Most persons recover fully with treatment, but serious complications, including death, can occur.
过敏反应是一种罕见且潜在危及生命的过敏反应，接种疫苗后可能会发生。
我们旨在描述 1990-2016 年期间疫苗不良事件报告系统（VAERS）中报告的接种疫苗后发生的过敏反应。
我们使用监管活动医学词典查询和首选术语的组合，在 VAERS 中确定了过敏反应的国内报告。我们进行了描述性分析，包括过敏史（过敏反应、呼吸道过敏和药物过敏）和接种的疫苗。我们审查了所有严重报告和所有有可用病历的非严重报告，以确定它们是否符合布莱顿合作组织过敏反应的病例定义或是否获得医生的诊断。
在分析期间，VAERS 共收到 467,960 份报告；828 份符合布莱顿合作组织病例定义或获得过敏反应的医生诊断：654 份（79%）被归类为严重，669 份（81%）有病历。在年龄小于 19 岁的儿童 478 份报告中，65%为男性；儿童疫苗最常被报告。在年龄为 19 岁或以上的 350 份报告中，80%为女性，最常报告流感疫苗。总体而言，41%的报告描述了没有过敏史的人。我们确定了 8 例死亡，其中 4 例发生在没有过敏史的人群中。
在美国，接种疫苗后发生过敏反应较为罕见，且可能发生在没有过敏史的人群中。大多数人经治疗后完全康复，但也可能发生严重并发症，包括死亡。
