Madonna Rosalinda, Balistreri Carmela Rita, De Rosa Salvatore, Muscoli Saverio, Selvaggio Stefano, Selvaggio Giancarlo, Ferdinandy Péter, De Caterina Raffaele
Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine-CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, Houston, 77065 TX, USA.
J Clin Med. 2019 Jan 16;8(1):98. doi: 10.3390/jcm8010098.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are the main cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Although it is well known that there is a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men, current therapy does not consider the sexual dimorphism; i.e., differences in anatomical structures and metabolism of tissues. Here, we discuss how genetic, epigenetic, hormonal, cellular or molecular factors may explain the different CVD risk, especially in high-risk groups such as women with diabetes. We analyze whether sex may modify the effects of diabetes at risk of CAD. Finally, we discuss current diagnostic techniques in the evaluation of CAD and IHD in diabetic women.
心血管疾病（CVD），包括冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和缺血性心脏病（IHD），是工业化国家主要的死亡原因。尽管众所周知，这些疾病在女性和男性中的风险存在差异，但目前的治疗并未考虑到性别差异，即组织的解剖结构和代谢差异。在此，我们讨论遗传、表观遗传、激素、细胞或分子因素如何解释不同的心血管疾病风险，特别是在糖尿病女性等高风险人群中。我们分析性别是否可能改变糖尿病对CAD风险的影响。最后，我们讨论糖尿病女性CAD和IHD评估中的当前诊断技术。
