脊髓损伤成年人的日常和社会活动的动机和参与：应用自我决定理论。
Motivation and participation in daily and social activities among adults with spinal cord injury: Applying self-determination theory.
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Ave West, Montreal, Quebec, H2W 1S4, Canada.
出版信息
Disabil Health J. 2019 Jul;12(3):489-494. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.11.015. Epub 2019 Jan 8.
BACKGROUND
Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) report decreased participation in daily and social activities. Self-determination theory (SDT) posits that individuals' need satisfaction and frustration predicts participation in health-related behaviours and this relationship is mediated by their motivation.
OBJECTIVES
This study explored the role of psychological needs and motivation in relation to participation in daily and social activities among adults with SCI. It was hypothesized that: a) need satisfaction and need frustration were positively associated with autonomous and controlled motivation, respectively, which, positively and negatively predicted participation in daily and social activities; b) autonomous and controlled motivation mediated the need satisfaction/frustration and participation relationship, respectively; and c) need frustration was positively related to amotivation, with no relationship between amotivation and activity participation.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, adults with SCI (N = 131) completed a questionnaire regarding their need satisfaction/frustration, autonomous and controlled motivation, amotivation, and participation in daily and social activities.
RESULTS
Need satisfaction was positively related to autonomous motivation (β = 0.29, 95%bias-corrected confidence interval (bCI): [0.04, 0.67]) and need frustration to controlled motivation (β = 0.28, 95%bCI: [0.09, 0.55]). Autonomous motivation was positively associated with six participation categories: autonomous indoor, autonomous outdoor, family role, health, social life, and work/education. Autonomous motivation also mediated the relationship between need satisfaction and all six participation categories; whereas, neither controlled motivation nor amotivation mediated the relationship between need frustration and participation.
CONCLUSIONS
This study found that SDT provides a meaningful framework for understanding participation among adults with SCI.
背景
脊髓损伤（SCI）患者报告日常和社会活动参与度下降。自我决定理论（SDT）认为，个体的需求满足和挫折预测了与健康相关行为的参与度，这种关系受到其动机的影响。
目的
本研究探讨了心理需求和动机与 SCI 成人日常和社会活动参与度的关系。假设：a）需求满足与需求挫折分别与自主和受控动机呈正相关，这两者分别正向和负向预测日常和社会活动的参与度；b）自主和受控动机分别调节需求满足/挫折与参与之间的关系；c）需求挫折与无动机呈正相关，无动机与活动参与度之间没有关系。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，SCI 成人（N=131）完成了一份问卷，内容涉及他们的需求满足/挫折、自主和受控动机、无动机以及日常和社会活动的参与度。
结果
需求满足与自主动机呈正相关（β=0.29，95%偏置置信区间（bCI）：[0.04，0.67]），需求挫折与受控动机呈正相关（β=0.28，95%bCI：[0.09，0.55]）。自主动机与六个参与类别呈正相关：自主室内活动、自主户外活动、家庭角色、健康、社会生活和工作/教育。自主动机也调节了需求满足与所有六个参与类别的关系；而受控动机和无动机都没有调节需求挫折与参与的关系。
结论
本研究发现，SDT 为理解 SCI 成人的参与度提供了一个有意义的框架。
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