胎儿外侧半月板的形态结构和变异：在方便诊断和治疗中的意义。
Morphological structure and variations of fetal lateral meniscus: the significance in convenient diagnosis and treatment.
机构信息
Department of Anatomy, Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Necmettin Erbakan, Meram, 42080, Konya, Turkey.
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Necmettin Erbakan, Konya, Turkey.
出版信息
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019 Oct;27(10):3364-3373. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05352-2. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to evaluate of morphometry of the lateral meniscus (LM) and determine incidence of the LM shapes.
METHODS
This study was performed on fetal cadaver collection of Anatomy Department of Necmettin Erbakan University. Fifty human fetal cadavers (25 female, 25 male human fetal cadavers) were used in this study. Microdissection was performed. Morphometric measurements were performed. LM were classified into four types and five subtypes.
RESULTS
In this study, it was identified that all parameters which were measured were found to be increased with gestational ages. Four morphological types and five morphological subtypes were determined. It was found that 12% of the LM were crescent-shaped, 66% of the LM were C-shaped, 14% of the LM were incomplete-disc-shaped, 2% of the LM were disc-shaped, 6% of the LM were variant C-shaped.
CONCLUSIONS
A few studies on fetal meniscal anatomy and its development were performed. Each new study is important for having detailed anatomy and development of the fetal menisci which will have both clinical and anatomical impacts during childhood and adulthood for orthopedic surgeons and anatomists, respectively. The most important results of this study were the detailed objective analysis of the macroscopic fetal growth of LM. It was significantly observed that four morphological types and five morphological subtypes of LM. The results of the present study related with both the observation of morphological development of the fetal meniscal anatomy, and its morphological variants, are important in terms of improving our knowledge, and clinical approach on the description, and the management of the symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus tears in children, adolescents, and adults. The clinical relevance of this study was that this classification of fetal menisci could ameliorate our current understanding of the morphology of lateral meniscus in adult, further.
目的
本研究旨在评估外侧半月板（LM）的形态并确定 LM 形态的发生率。
方法
本研究在 Necmettin Erbakan 大学解剖学系的胎儿尸体标本库进行。本研究使用了 50 个人类胎儿尸体（25 名女性，25 名男性胎儿尸体）。进行了显微解剖。进行了形态计量测量。LM 分为四型和五亚型。
结果
在这项研究中，我们发现所有测量的参数都随着胎龄的增加而增加。确定了四种形态类型和五种形态亚型。发现 12%的 LM 呈新月形，66%的 LM 呈 C 形，14%的 LM 呈不完全盘形，2%的 LM 呈盘形，6%的 LM 呈变异 C 形。
结论
已经有一些关于胎儿半月板解剖及其发育的研究。每一项新的研究都很重要，因为它详细描述了胎儿半月板的解剖结构和发育情况，这对骨科医生和解剖学家在儿童和成年期的临床和解剖学都有影响。本研究的最重要结果是对 LM 宏观生长的详细客观分析。明显观察到 LM 有四种形态类型和五种形态亚型。本研究的结果与胎儿半月板解剖形态发育及其形态变异的观察有关，对于提高我们对儿童、青少年和成年人外侧盘状半月板撕裂的描述、管理以及临床认识具有重要意义。本研究的临床意义在于这种胎儿半月板的分类可以进一步改善我们对成人外侧半月板形态的现有认识。
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