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全面性强直-阵挛发作患者的意外伤害。一项多中心、观察性、横断面研究(QUIN-GTC 研究)。

Accidental injuries in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. A multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study (QUIN-GTC study).

机构信息

Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.

Departamento Médico, Esteve Pharmaceuticals, S.A., Pg. Zona Franca, 109, 08038 Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Epilepsy Behav. 2019 Mar;92:135-139. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.10.043. Epub 2019 Jan 15.


DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.10.043
PMID:30658321
Abstract

PURPOSE: Patients with epilepsy have a higher risk of accidental injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of accidental injuries and quality of life in patients with epilepsy and generalized tonic-clonic seizures and their association with patient-related factors. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of patients with epilepsy and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures and/or focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures in the routine clinical practice of epilepsy clinics. In a single visit, demographic and clinical data and information on the type and severity of injuries were collected, and patients' quality of life was evaluated with the QOLIE-10 questionnaire. RESULTS: In total, 406 patients with a median age of 41.1 years (range: 13-87) were included; 47.5% were women. Age at onset of tonic-clonic seizures was 25.4 (range: 0-83) years. Epileptic seizures were primary tonic-clonic (67.2%), focal to bilateral tonic-clonic (32.8%), focal with impairment of awareness (23.6%), focal without impairment of awareness (13.5%), absences (14.8%), and myoclonic (9.6%). Etiology was symptomatic or with unknown etiology focal (42.9%), genetic generalized (36.9%), symptomatic or with unknown etiology generalized (18.0%), and others (2.2%). The number of generalized tonic-clonic seizures in the last 12 months was as follows: 1 (41.9%), 2-5 (42.4%), and >5 (15.8%). Antiepileptic treatment at the time of the visit was monotherapy in 44.1% of the patients. The most commonly used drugs were levetiracetam (45.1%), valproate (20.7%), lamotrigine (20.0%), and perampanel (18.7%). In total, 59.6% of the patients had experienced at least one accidental injury associated with tonic-clonic seizures in the last 12 months, the most common being head injuries (35.5%), dental injuries (4.9%), burns (4.9%), and fractures (3.9%). A total of 25.1% had suffered at least one serious injury. The multiple logistic regression model showed that the factors associated with suffering an injury were the following: etiology (symptomatic or with unknown etiology focal and genetic generalized vs. symptomatic or with unknown etiology generalized, p = 0.0008 and p = 0.0077, respectively), number of seizures in the last year (2-5 vs. 1, p = 0.0115; >5 vs. 1, p = 0.0004), and psychiatric comorbidities (p = 0.0151). Patients with injuries had a worse quality of life than patients without injuries, according to the overall QOLIE-10 score (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the patients had accidental injuries related with seizures. Symptomatic or with unknown etiology focal epilepsy and genetic generalized epilepsy, >1 seizure in the last year, and concomitant psychiatric disease are the risk factors associated with accidental injuries in patients with tonic-clonic seizures, with the consequent worsening of quality of life.

摘要

目的:癫痫患者意外受伤的风险更高。本研究旨在确定癫痫伴全面强直阵挛发作患者意外伤害的发生率和生活质量,及其与患者相关因素的关系。

方法:这是一项在癫痫诊所常规临床实践中对原发性全面强直阵挛发作和/或局灶性至双侧强直阵挛发作的癫痫患者进行的观察性、横断面、多中心研究。在一次就诊中,收集人口统计学和临床数据以及损伤类型和严重程度的信息,并使用 QOLIE-10 问卷评估患者的生活质量。

结果:共纳入 406 例中位年龄为 41.1 岁(范围:13-87 岁)的患者;47.5%为女性。强直阵挛发作的发病年龄为 25.4 岁(范围:0-83 岁)。癫痫发作类型为原发性强直阵挛发作(67.2%)、局灶性至双侧强直阵挛发作(32.8%)、局灶性伴意识障碍(23.6%)、局灶性无意识障碍(13.5%)、失神发作(14.8%)和肌阵挛发作(9.6%)。病因是症状性或病因不明的局灶性(42.9%)、遗传性全面性(36.9%)、症状性或病因不明的全面性(18.0%)和其他(2.2%)。过去 12 个月强直阵挛发作的次数如下:1 次(41.9%)、2-5 次(42.4%)和>5 次(15.8%)。就诊时接受单药治疗的患者占 44.1%。最常用的药物是左乙拉西坦(45.1%)、丙戊酸(20.7%)、拉莫三嗪(20.0%)和吡仑帕奈(18.7%)。在过去的 12 个月中,共有 59.6%的患者至少经历过一次与强直阵挛发作相关的意外伤害,最常见的是头部损伤(35.5%)、牙齿损伤(4.9%)、烧伤(4.9%)和骨折(3.9%)。共有 25.1%的患者遭受过至少一次严重伤害。多因素逻辑回归模型显示,以下因素与受伤有关:病因(症状性或病因不明的局灶性和遗传性全面性与症状性或病因不明的全面性,p=0.0008 和 p=0.0077)、过去一年发作次数(2-5 次与 1 次,p=0.0115;>5 次与 1 次,p=0.0004)和合并精神疾病(p=0.0151)。与无损伤的患者相比,有损伤的患者生活质量更差,整体 QOLIE-10 评分较差(p=0.0003)。

结论:超过一半的患者有与癫痫发作相关的意外伤害。症状性或病因不明的局灶性癫痫和遗传性全面性癫痫、过去 1 年发作次数>1 次和合并精神疾病是与强直阵挛发作患者意外伤害相关的危险因素,导致生活质量下降。

相似文献

[1]
Accidental injuries in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. A multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study (QUIN-GTC study).

Epilepsy Behav. 2019-1-15

[2]
Lamotrigine adjunctive therapy among children and adolescents with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Pediatrics. 2006-8

[3]
Efficacy and safety of perampanel in generalized and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures: A comparative study of Asian and non-Asian populations.

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[4]
Duration of focal complex, secondarily generalized tonic-clonic, and primarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures--A video-EEG analysis.

Epilepsy Behav. 2015-8

[5]
Initial levetiracetam versus valproate monotherapy in antiseizure medicine (ASM)-naïve pediatric patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures.

Seizure. 2021-10

[6]
Treatment and challenges with antiepileptic drugs in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav. 2019-7-19

[7]
Pharmacotherapy for tonic-clonic seizures.

Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014-7

[8]
Video-EEG evidence of lateralized clinical features in primary generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures.

Epileptic Disord. 2003-9

[9]
Phenytoin versus valproate monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001

[10]
Nonlesional late-onset epilepsy: Semiology, EEG, cerebrospinal fluid, and seizure outcome characteristics.

Epilepsy Behav. 2018-6-22

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[3]
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[4]
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[5]
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