Dibner Hannah, Mangca Valdez Chelsie, Carter David O
Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI, 96816.
SNA International, supporting Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency Laboratory, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Honolulu, HI, 96853.
J Forensic Sci. 2019 Sep;64(5):1412-1420. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14009. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses were decomposed on the soil surface of a terrestrial habitat on the island of Oahu, Hawaii to begin characterizing the decomposer community. Results showed that carcasses can decompose rapidly on Oahu, primarily due to the activity of fly larvae, with 80% of mass lost by 8 days (220 ADD) postmortem. Scavenging was conducted exclusively by the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes javanicus), first feeding on larvae then feeding on the remains. Carcasses were habitats of warm temperature, little to no oxygen, slightly acidic/neutral pH, and high sodium concentration. Larval masses selected for a microbial community comprised of multiple bacterial taxa from phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, particularly genera Clostridium, Proteus, and Providencia. These larval masses were well established from 3 to 8 days (~90 to ~220 ADD) postmortem. These data provide helpful, novel insight into the structure and activity of carcass decomposer communities on Oahu.
猪（家猪）尸体在夏威夷瓦胡岛一个陆地栖息地的土壤表面进行分解，以开始对分解者群落进行特征描述。结果表明，在瓦胡岛，尸体分解迅速，主要是由于蝇幼虫的活动，死后8天（约220度日）约80%的质量损失。清道夫仅由小印度猫鼬（爪哇獴）担任，它先以幼虫为食，然后取食残骸。尸体是温度温暖、几乎没有氧气、pH值略呈酸性/中性且钠浓度高的栖息地。从尸体上选取的幼虫群体所形成的微生物群落由厚壁菌门和变形菌门的多个细菌分类群组成，特别是梭菌属、变形杆菌属和普罗威登斯菌属。这些幼虫群体在死后3至8天（约90至约220度日）发育良好。这些数据为瓦胡岛尸体分解者群落的结构和活动提供了有用的新见解。
