Faculty of Power Engineering, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania; "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Sciences, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania.
Bioresour Technol. 2019 Apr;277:179-194. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.036. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
The review describes different catalysts and reactor-types used in microwave-assisted thermochemical biomass conversion. We present comparative review of various catalytic experiments and experimental conditions using catalysts in both in situ and ex situ processes. In situ catalytic processes are more frequently used due to simpler experimental set up. However, the process leads to higher catalytic deactivation rate and catalyst recovery is difficult. Catalysts used in ex situ processes require a more complex experimental set-up, the advantage being the fact that optimum temperature can be obtained to achieve best results catalyst recovery is facile, and its deactivation occurs at a lower rate. The catalysts described herein represent just a small part of the catalyst types/family that can be theoretically used. Commonly used catalysts are zeolites, metal oxides, various salts or carbon type materials but other materials or improvements of those mentioned need to be tested in the future.
该综述描述了微波辅助热化学生物质转化中使用的不同催化剂和反应器类型。我们介绍了各种催化实验的比较综述，并使用原位和异位过程中的催化剂在不同实验条件下进行了实验。由于实验设置更简单，因此更频繁地使用原位催化过程。然而，该过程会导致更高的催化失活速率，并且催化剂的回收困难。在异位过程中使用的催化剂需要更复杂的实验设置，其优点是可以获得最佳温度以获得最佳结果，催化剂易于回收，并且其失活速率较低。本文所述的催化剂仅代表理论上可使用的催化剂类型/家族的一小部分。常用的催化剂是沸石、金属氧化物、各种盐或碳材料，但需要在未来对其他材料或对这些材料的改进进行测试。
