Ibarra-Zatarain Zohar, Parati Katia, Cenadelli Silvia, Duncan Neil
Laboratory of Aquaculture, IRTA, Carretera de Poble Nou, Tarragona, Spain.
Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology, CONACYT-UAN-Nayarit Centre for Innovation and Technological Transference, Tepic, Mexico.
J Fish Biol. 2019 Mar;94(3):402-413. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13907.
The present study investigated the relationship between reproductive success and stress-coping styles in gilthead seabream Sparus aurata in captivity. To characterise stress-coping styles, a total of 22 breeders were submitted to three different individual-based tests, one group-based test and post-handling glucocorticoid quantification. To assess spawning participation, a microsatellite analysis was performed on a total of 2698 larvae, which allowed each offspring to be assigned unambiguously to a single parental couple. Overall, S. aurata showed defined proactive and reactive behavioural traits. Proactive breeders exhibited higher levels of activity and risk taking and lower glucocorticoid blood levels than reactive breeders. The stress-coping style traits were consistent over time and context (different tests). Breeders that contributed to a higher number of progeny exhibited proactive behaviours, while those showing low progeny contribution exhibited reactive behaviour. Therefore, breeders with a high proportion of progeny (> 20%) had significantly higher activity and risk taking and lower cortisol than breeders with low progeny contribution (< 20%). In addition, males were more proactive than females and males exhibited significantly higher activity, risk taking and lower cortisol than females. This study is the first to establish in S. aurata breeders: (a) a relationship between stress-coping styles and spawning success; (b) a relationship between stress-coping styles and gender; and (c) the existence of proactive and reactive traits at the adult stage.
本研究调查了圈养条件下金头鲷（Sparus aurata）繁殖成功率与应激应对方式之间的关系。为了表征应激应对方式，总共22条亲鱼接受了三项不同的基于个体的测试、一项基于群体的测试以及处理后糖皮质激素定量分析。为了评估产卵参与情况，对总共2698尾幼鱼进行了微卫星分析，这使得每个后代都能明确地归属于一对亲本。总体而言，金头鲷表现出明确的主动和反应性行为特征。主动型亲鱼比反应型亲鱼表现出更高的活动水平和冒险倾向，且血液中糖皮质激素水平更低。应激应对方式特征在时间和情境（不同测试）中保持一致。对更多后代有贡献的亲鱼表现出主动行为，而那些后代贡献少的亲鱼则表现出反应性行为。因此，后代比例高（>20%）的亲鱼比后代贡献低（<20%）的亲鱼具有显著更高的活动水平、冒险倾向和更低的皮质醇水平。此外，雄性比雌性更主动，雄性表现出的活动水平、冒险倾向显著高于雌性，皮质醇水平则显著低于雌性。本研究首次在金头鲷亲鱼中确立了：（a）应激应对方式与产卵成功率之间的关系；（b）应激应对方式与性别之间的关系；以及（c）成年阶段主动和反应性特征的存在。
