Riecken E O
Dept. of Internal Medicine, Free University of Berlin, FRG.
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1988;151:86-93. doi: 10.3109/00365528809095918.
Physiologically, there is a balance of cell proliferation and exfoliation which maintains normal small-intestinal mucosal zonation with long villi and shallow crypts. In disease states and in the experimental animal this balance may be disturbed by numerous exogenous and endogenous factors, which may lead to three principally different responses: mucosal atrophy, mucosal hypertrophy, and mucosal transformation of the hyperregenerative type. The structural and functional characteristics of these different mucosal patterns are described, and their pathophysiologic relevance is discussed.
从生理角度来看，细胞增殖与脱落之间存在一种平衡，这种平衡维持着具有长绒毛和浅隐窝的正常小肠黏膜分区。在疾病状态以及实验动物中，这种平衡可能会受到多种外源性和内源性因素的干扰，这可能导致三种主要不同的反应：黏膜萎缩、黏膜肥大以及高再生型黏膜化生。本文描述了这些不同黏膜模式的结构和功能特征，并讨论了它们的病理生理相关性。
