University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
USDA-ARS, Food Quality Laboratory, Beltsville, MD.
Plant Dis. 2018 Feb;102(2):359-369. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-17-0867-RE. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
Brown rot, caused by Monilinia spp., is an economically important pre- and postharvest disease of pome and stone fruits worldwide. In Serbia, apple is the most widely grown pome fruit, and the distribution of economically important Monilinia spp. responsible for apple brown rot is unknown. Hence, we conducted a three year survey, from 2010 to 2012, where 349 isolates were obtained from six orchards and four storage facilities from five different apple cultivars with brown rot symptoms. Morphological characterization of the isolates, multiplex PCR, and phylogenetic analysis revealed four species: M. fructigena, M. laxa, M. fructicola, and Monilia polystroma. All species were found in the orchard and in storage, with M. fructigena predominating, followed by M. polystroma. Representative isolates were analyzed in vitro and in vivo where differences in growth rate, sporulation, and virulence on apple fruit were observed. Findings from this investigation demonstrate diversity in the species responsible for pre- and postharvest apple brown rot, which has significant implications for pathogen detection and for developing disease-specific management strategies.
布朗腐烂病由 Monilinia spp. 引起，是一种在世界范围内对仁果和核果造成严重经济损失的采前和采后病害。在塞尔维亚，苹果是种植最广泛的仁果，而导致苹果褐腐病的重要 Monilinia spp. 的分布情况尚不清楚。因此，我们在 2010 年至 2012 年期间进行了为期三年的调查，从六个果园和四个储存设施中采集了 349 个分离物，这些分离物来自五个具有褐腐病症状的不同苹果品种。通过对分离物的形态特征、多重 PCR 和系统发育分析，发现了四个物种：M. fructigena、M. laxa、M. fructicola 和 Monilia polystroma。所有物种都在果园和储存设施中被发现，其中 M. fructigena 占优势，其次是 M. polystroma。对代表性分离物进行了体外和体内分析，观察到其在苹果果实上的生长速度、产孢和致病性存在差异。本研究的结果表明，引起苹果采前和采后褐腐病的物种存在多样性，这对病原体检测和制定特定疾病的管理策略具有重要意义。
