Florence Jade, Pscheidt Jay
Oregon State University, Botany & Plant Pathology, Corvallis, OR.
Plant Dis. 2017 May;101(5):807-814. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01-16-0087-RE. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
Pseudosclerotia of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi overwinter on the soil surface and develop apothecia in early spring, supplying primary inoculum for mummy berry disease of blueberry. Burial of pseudosclerotia in soil and incubation in the dark have previously been identified as critical factors inhibiting M. vaccinii-corymbosi apothecial development. Mulches of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) sawdust at 2.5 or 5 cm depths, blueberry leaves (Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Bluetta) at a 2.5 cm depth, and a bare ground (no mulch) control were assessed for an effect on apothecial development in the spring for 2 years. Mulches were applied corresponding to pseudosclerotial overwintering stages. Loss of mulch depth was also assessed throughout the overwintering season. A 5 cm depth of Douglas-fir sawdust was associated with greater apothecial suppression in comparison with bare ground. Douglas-fir sawdust at a 2.5 cm depth varied in effectiveness, while 2.5 cm of blueberry leaves was not more effective at suppressing apothecial development than the bare ground treatment. Application timing did not affect apothecial development, but mulches lost significantly more depth when applied at the beginning of the overwintering season as compared with late winter mulches. Therefore, loss of mulch thickness due to weathering and/or decomposition may also affect apothecial development.
蓝莓链核盘菌的假菌核在土壤表面越冬，并在早春形成子囊盘，为蓝莓僵果病提供初侵染源。此前已确定将假菌核埋入土壤并在黑暗中培养是抑制蓝莓链核盘菌子囊盘发育的关键因素。对2.5厘米或5厘米深度的花旗松（黄杉）锯末覆盖物、2.5厘米深度的蓝莓叶片（越橘品种蓝塔）覆盖物以及裸露地面（无覆盖物）对照进行了为期2年的春季子囊盘发育影响评估。根据假菌核的越冬阶段施加覆盖物。在整个越冬季节还评估了覆盖物深度的损失情况。与裸露地面相比，5厘米深度的花旗松锯末对抑制子囊盘发育的效果更好。2.5厘米深度的花旗松锯末效果各异，而2.5厘米厚的蓝莓叶片在抑制子囊盘发育方面并不比裸露地面处理更有效。施加时间不影响子囊盘发育，但与冬末施加覆盖物相比，在越冬季节开始时施加覆盖物，其深度损失显著更大。因此，由于风化和/或分解导致的覆盖物厚度损失也可能影响子囊盘发育。
