Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Aug;75(8):2219-2235. doi: 10.1002/ps.5354. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Drift is one of the most important issues to consider for realising sustainable pesticide sprays. This study proposes an alternative indirect methodology for comparative measurements of drift reduction potential (DRP) generated by airblast sprayers, aimed at overcoming the practical inconveniences and drawbacks of standardized ISO 22866:2005. A test bench in the absence of target crop and wind was employed to measure drift potential values (DPVs). A variation to the proposed method that introduced a crop between sprayer and test bench device was considered to study the canopy effect (absence/presence) and to validate the method. In parallel, direct spray drift measurements (ISO 22866) were performed to obtain the drift value (DV). A representative vineyard airblast sprayer was evaluated in four configurations (a combination of two fan airflow rates and two nozzle types). The configurations tested under the three methods (direct and indirects) were classified according to achieved drift reduction percentages (ISO 22369-1:2013) and compared.
Indirect methods discriminated DPVs from different nozzles (conventional, air induction) and fan airflow rate (high, low) combinations. Indirect methods also showed that despite crop influence on drift amount, target absence has a negligible effect when used specifically for DRP determination/classification. In fact, identical DRP final classifications were achieved for the two methodologies tested. Alternatively, all tested configurations resulted in lower DR values following the ISO 22866 field method, which caused different final classifications due to the high dependence of results on external factors.
The alternative test bench methodology, characterized by the absence of target crop and calm of wind, was considered feasible for comparative measurements of airblast sprayer DRP. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
漂移是实现可持续农药喷雾需要考虑的最重要问题之一。本研究提出了一种替代的间接方法，用于比较测量空气喷雾器产生的漂移减少潜力（DRP），旨在克服标准化 ISO 22866:2005 的实际不便和缺点。在没有目标作物和风力的情况下使用测试台来测量漂移潜力值（DPV）。考虑了对提出的方法的一种改进，即在喷雾器和测试台设备之间引入作物，以研究冠层效应（存在/不存在）并验证该方法。同时，进行了直接喷雾漂移测量（ISO 22866）以获得漂移值（DV）。评估了一个代表性的葡萄园空气喷雾器，在四种配置（两个风扇气流率和两种喷嘴类型的组合）下进行了测试。在三种方法（直接和间接）下测试的配置根据实现的漂移减少百分比（ISO 22369-1:2013）进行了分类，并进行了比较。
间接方法区分了不同喷嘴（常规、空气诱导）和风扇气流率（高、低）组合的 DPV。间接方法还表明，尽管作物对漂移量有影响，但当专门用于 DRP 确定/分类时，目标缺失的影响可以忽略不计。实际上，对于两种测试方法，均实现了相同的 DRP 最终分类。相反，所有测试的配置都按照 ISO 22866 田间方法导致了较低的 DR 值，这是由于结果对外部因素的高度依赖性而导致了不同的最终分类。
缺乏目标作物和静风的替代测试台方法被认为是比较空气喷雾器 DRP 的可行方法。© 2019 化学工业协会。
