Quimica Analitica, Instituto de Quimica Aplicada del Litoral (IQAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Mar;26(8):8019-8027. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04280-5. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
Landfill leachates contain a variety of toxic compounds, which makes them one of the most difficult types of wastewater to be treated. An alternative "green" technology for leachate treatment is the use of constructed wetlands (CWs). The aims of this study were to select macrophytes and substrates to be used in vertical flow wetlands (VFWs) and to evaluate the performance of hybrid systems composed by a VFW and a horizontal subsurface flow (HSSW) or a free water surface flow (FWSW) wetlands for the treatment of a high ammonium concentration landfill leachate. In microcosms scale experiments, Typha domingensis, Scirpus californicus, and Iris pseudacorus were studied to assess their tolerance to raw and diluted leachate. Substrate selection for VFWs was evaluated using different layers of light expanded clay aggregate (LECA), coarse sand, fine sand, and gravel. Contaminant removals were higher in planted than in unplanted wetlands. Plants did not tolerate the raw effluent but showed a positive effect on plant growth when exposed to the diluted leachate. T. domingensis and I. pseudacorus showed higher contaminant removal ability and tolerance to landfill leachate than S. californicus. VFW with LECA + coarse sand showed the best performance in removal efficiencies. Hybrid system composed by VFW-FWSW planted with T. domingensis presented the best performance for the treatment of landfill leachate with high concentrations of ammonium.
垃圾渗滤液含有多种有毒化合物，这使得它们成为最难处理的废水类型之一。一种替代的“绿色”渗滤液处理技术是使用人工湿地（CWs）。本研究的目的是选择用于垂直流湿地（VFW）的水生植物和基质，并评估由 VFW 与水平潜流（HSSW）或自由水面流（FWSW）湿地组成的混合系统处理高氨浓度垃圾渗滤液的性能。在微宇宙规模实验中，研究了香蒲、加州香蒲和菖蒲，以评估它们对原渗滤液和稀释渗滤液的耐受性。VFW 的基质选择使用了不同层的轻质膨胀粘土骨料（LECA）、粗砂、细砂和砾石。与未种植湿地相比，种植湿地的污染物去除率更高。植物无法耐受原污水，但在接触稀释渗滤液时，对植物生长有积极影响。与加州香蒲相比，香蒲和菖蒲对垃圾渗滤液具有更高的去除能力和耐受性。LECA+粗砂的 VFW 表现出最佳的去除效率。种植香蒲的 VFW-FWSW 混合系统在处理高浓度氨的垃圾渗滤液方面表现最佳。
