眶下动脉：从描述性解剖学到黏膜穿支皮瓣设计。
The infraorbital artery: From descriptive anatomy to mucosal perforator flap design.
机构信息
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Nice, Nice, France.
Department of General and Emergency Surgery, University Hospital Nice, Nice, France.
出版信息
Head Neck. 2019 Jul;41(7):2065-2073. doi: 10.1002/hed.25653. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
BACKGROUND
The terminal and perforating branches of the infraorbital artery (IOA) are poorly described. Its anatomical situation and mucosal component could provide an interesting donor site for mucosal reconstruction. The aims of the following study were to establish an anatomical description and to assess the feasibility of mucosal perforator flaps for eyelid and nasal reconstruction.
METHODS
Twenty-three fresh cadaver hemifaces were studied in order to perform an IOA anatomical classification by recording the artery's characteristics, its course, number, type, and diameter of terminal branches. We also examined the feasibility of local flaps for facial reconstruction.
RESULTS
We highlighted five different types of courses. All cadavers had at least one superior vestibular branch with a caliber of ≥0.4 mm. A pedicled flap arising from the vestibular branch was raised in all dissections.
CONCLUSION
The vestibular perforator flap based on the IOA seems to be a reliable flap in reconstruction of mucosal defects.
背景
眶下动脉（IOA）的终末支和穿支分支描述较差。其解剖位置和黏膜成分可为黏膜重建提供一个有趣的供区。本研究的目的是建立解剖学描述，并评估用于眼睑和鼻重建的黏膜穿支皮瓣的可行性。
方法
为了对 IOA 进行解剖分类，我们对 23 个新鲜的半头尸体进行了研究，记录了动脉的特征、其走行、数量、类型和终末支的直径。我们还检查了用于面部重建的局部皮瓣的可行性。
结果
我们强调了五种不同的走行类型。所有尸体都至少有一条直径≥0.4 毫米的上颊支。在所有解剖中，均提起了发自前庭分支的带蒂皮瓣。
结论
基于 IOA 的前庭穿支皮瓣似乎是重建黏膜缺损的可靠皮瓣。
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