Clare Michael P, Maloney Patrick J
Foot & Ankle Fellowship, Florida Orthopaedic Institute, 13020 Telecom Parkway North, Tampa, FL 33637, USA.
The Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy, 301 St Paul Place, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
Foot Ankle Clin. 2019 Mar;24(1):47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.09.003. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Displaced talar neck fractures no longer constitute a surgical emergency; timing of definitive surgery has no bearing on the risk of osteonecrosis. Amount of initial fracture displacement is best predictor of osteonecrosis. Grossly displaced fractures or fracture-dislocations should be provisionally reduced, with or without temporary external fixation. Periosteal stripping should be limited to only that necessary to obtain anatomic reduction. Dissection within the sinus tarsi or tarsal canal should be avoided. Rigid internal fixation with solid cortical screws countersunk within the talar head and placed below the "equator" of the talar head is imperative for optimum stability.
移位的距骨颈骨折不再构成外科急症;确定性手术的时机与骨坏死风险无关。初始骨折移位程度是骨坏死的最佳预测指标。严重移位的骨折或骨折脱位应进行临时复位,可使用或不使用临时外固定。骨膜剥离应仅限于获得解剖复位所需的范围。应避免在跗骨窦或跗骨管内进行解剖。使用埋头于距骨头内并置于距骨头“赤道”下方的实心皮质螺钉进行坚强内固定对于实现最佳稳定性至关重要。