识别爱尔兰大学生健康相关行为群及其与人口统计学特征的关联。
Identification of health-related behavioural clusters and their association with demographic characteristics in Irish university students.
机构信息
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
Health Research Institiute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 28;19(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6453-6.
BACKGROUND
Students engage in risky health-related behaviours that influence their current and future health status. Health-related behaviours cluster among adults and differently based on sub-populations characteristics but research is lacking for university populations. Examining the clustering of health- related behaviours can inform our initiatives and strategies, while examining cluster members' characteristics can help target those who can prosper most from health promotion efforts. This study examines the clustering of health-related behaviours in Irish university students, and investigates the relationship with students' sex, age, field of study and accommodation type.
METHODS
An online survey was completed by 5672 Irish university students (51.3% male; 21.60 ± 5.65 years) during 2014. Two-step cluster analysis was used to understand how health-related behaviours (physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, drug use and dietary habits) cluster among male and female students. Binary logistic regressions were conducted to examine the likelihood of students falling into certain clusters based on their characteristics.
RESULTS
Five cluster groups were identified in males and four in females. A quarter of males were categorised as ideal healthy with older students and those from certain fields of study having a higher likelihood of being classified in a low physical activity and poor diet (OR = 1.06-2.89), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.03-3.04), or smoking and drug use (OR = 1.06-2.73) cluster. Forty-five percent of females were categorised as ideal healthy with older females more likely to be in a low active and smoking cluster (OR = 1.03), and less likely to be in a convenience food cluster (OR = 0.96). Females from certain fields of study were also more likely to be classified in these clusters (OR = 1.59-1.76). Students living away from their family home had in increased likelihood of being in a cluster related to a higher frequency of alcohol consumption (OR = 1.72-3.05).
CONCLUSION
Health-related behaviours cluster among this population and need to be taken into account when designing multi-health interventions and policies. These findings can be used to target student groups at risk, leading to more efficient and successful health promotion efforts. The addition of modules providing information regarding health-related behaviours are advised in all fields of study.
背景
学生的健康相关行为存在风险，会影响他们当前和未来的健康状况。成年人的健康相关行为会聚集在一起，并且根据亚人群的特征而有所不同，但针对大学生群体的研究却很缺乏。检查健康相关行为的聚类情况可以为我们的举措和策略提供信息，同时检查聚类成员的特征可以帮助确定那些最能从健康促进工作中受益的人。本研究检查了爱尔兰大学生健康相关行为的聚类情况，并调查了学生性别、年龄、学习领域和住宿类型与这些聚类的关系。
方法
2014 年，5672 名爱尔兰大学生（男性占 51.3%；21.60±5.65 岁）在线完成了一项调查。采用两步聚类分析方法了解男女生健康相关行为（体育活动、吸烟、饮酒、吸毒和饮食习惯）的聚类情况。采用二项逻辑回归分析学生根据其特征落入特定聚类的可能性。
结果
在男性中确定了五个聚类组，在女性中确定了四个聚类组。四分之一的男性被归类为理想健康型，年龄较大的学生和某些学习领域的学生更有可能被归类为低体力活动和不良饮食（OR=1.06-2.89）、饮酒（OR=1.03-3.04）或吸烟和吸毒（OR=1.06-2.73）聚类。45%的女性被归类为理想健康型，年龄较大的女性更有可能属于低活动和吸烟聚类（OR=1.03），不太可能属于方便食品聚类（OR=0.96）。某些学习领域的女性也更有可能被归入这些聚类（OR=1.59-1.76）。离开家庭住所的学生更有可能因饮酒频率较高而被归入与饮酒相关的聚类（OR=1.72-3.05）。
结论
在这一人群中，健康相关行为会聚集在一起，在设计多健康干预措施和政策时需要考虑到这一点。这些发现可以用于针对有风险的学生群体，从而使健康促进工作更加高效和成功。建议在所有学习领域增加提供健康相关行为信息的模块。
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