Department of Biostatsitics and Epidemiology, College of Public health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN. 37614, USA.
Department of Economics and Finance, College of Biusiness and Technology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN. 37614, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Feb 15;245:724-727. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.031. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Depression is a common psychiatric illness that is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. However, studies reporting the trends of depression among U.S. veterans are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and trend of depression among U.S. veterans and evaluate potential exploratory variables that may contribute.
Data were from six cycles, 2005-2016, of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Veteran status of depression was self-reported using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Rao-Scott χ test measured bivariate association of depression and exploratory variables (age, gender, race/ethnicity, poverty, and education). Cochran-Armitage trend test assessed depression prevalence time-trends from 2005 to 2016.
Over a two-week period, 16.3% of veterans spent at least half of the days feeling tired or having little energy. Also, over 15.0% of veterans reported having trouble sleeping or sleeping too much on more than half of the days (6.5%) or nearly every day (9.1%). The overall prevalence of depression among veterans peaked in 2011-2012 at 12.3%. Among female veterans, there is a general increasing prevalence of depression, escalating from 9.0% in the 2007-2008 cycle to 14.8% in the 2015-2016 cycle. White veterans consistently had a higher prevalence of depression compared to Black and Hispanic veterans.
NHANES data were only able to assess noninstitutionalized individuals.
Results indicate that disparities in prevalence of depression existed among U.S. veterans. Cost-effective strategies are needed to help prevent and treat depression among U.S. veterans.
抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病，与高死亡率和发病率有关。然而，关于美国退伍军人中抑郁症趋势的研究有限。因此，本研究旨在评估美国退伍军人中抑郁症的患病率和趋势，并评估可能导致抑郁症的潜在探索性变量。
数据来自 2005-2016 年六轮全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）。使用患者健康问卷（PHQ）自我报告抑郁症的退伍军人状况。Rao-Scott χ 检验衡量了抑郁症和探索性变量（年龄、性别、种族/民族、贫困和教育）的双变量关联。Cochran-Armitage 趋势检验评估了 2005 年至 2016 年期间抑郁症的患病率趋势。
在两周的时间内，16.3%的退伍军人至少有一半的日子感到疲倦或没有精力。此外，超过 15.0%的退伍军人报告说，他们有睡眠问题或在一半以上的日子（6.5%）或几乎每天（9.1%）睡眠过多或睡眠不足。退伍军人中抑郁症的总体患病率在 2011-2012 年达到峰值，为 12.3%。在女性退伍军人中，抑郁症的患病率普遍呈上升趋势，从 2007-2008 周期的 9.0%上升到 2015-2016 周期的 14.8%。与黑人和西班牙裔退伍军人相比，白人退伍军人的抑郁症患病率一直较高。
NHANES 数据仅能够评估非机构化个体。
结果表明，美国退伍军人中存在抑郁症患病率的差异。需要采取具有成本效益的策略来帮助预防和治疗美国退伍军人中的抑郁症。
