Characteristic of fibrotic myocardial lesions associated with life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies.

AIM

To identify the features of myocardial scar and fibrosis associated with the occurrence of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs) in high-risk patients with ischemic (ICMP) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICMP).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This prospective study included 50 patients (41 men, 9 women), age = 60 ± 13 years, 30 patients of them with ICMP and 20 patients with NICMP, who underwent echocardiography (Echo) and contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart followed by implantation of cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) or resynchronizing devices with defibrillator (CPTD) to prevent sudden cardiac death.

RESULTS

Sustained VTs were reported in 20/30 (67%) patients with ICMP and in 5/20 (25%) patients with NICMP on follow-up [26 (22-37) months]. Successive univariate and ROC-analyses of Echo and MRI-indices between patients with and without recurrence of VTs found different results for ICMP and NICMP patients groups. In ICMP patients the VTs were associated with wide transmural fibrosis on contrast MRI that covered 3 or more segments of left ventricular. These segments were preferably localized in the middle parts of the inferior and inferolateral segments of the left ventricle. The independent predictors of VTs in NICMP patients were non-transmural fibrosis at 4.5% of the left ventricular mass by contrast MRI as well as low left ventricular ejection fraction (less than 26%) by Echo.

CONCLUSION

To determine the indications for implantation of the ICD and CRTD for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death, it is advisable to take into account not only the value of ejection fraction of left ventricular, but also the features of the fibrosis of the left ventricle by contrast MRI of the heart.