动物辐射敏感性的比较评估

The Comparative Estimation of Animal Radiosensitivity.

作者信息

Sarukhanov V J, Kolganov I M, Epimahov V G

出版信息

Radiats Biol Radioecol. 2016 Sep;56(5):475-480.

Abstract

Technogenic environmental pollution is the factor of destabilization of natural and agricultural ecological systems. Among various kinds of beings agricultural animals are considered as one of the most vulnerable components of ecosystems to the influence of technogenic factors including ionizing radiation. Therefore, the generalization of experimental data and mathematical modeling are necessary to forecast the mortality of irradiated animals. In this research the numerical. parameters of deaths of the dogs with the body weight of 10-12 kg are considered in detail depending on the dose and the dose rate of external irradiation. The verification of the received relationship is carried out. The comparison of LD(50) values for adult sheep, pigs, dogs, donkeys and mice at the fixed dose rate of 4 Gy/h has shown that the most sensitive to the external irradiation are ruminants - sheep, followed by dogs, donkeys and pigs, and rodents - mice close this series.

摘要

技术源环境污染是自然和农业生态系统不稳定的因素。在各类生物中，农业动物被认为是生态系统中对包括电离辐射在内的技术源因素影响最为脆弱的组成部分之一。因此，有必要对实验数据进行归纳总结并开展数学建模，以预测受辐照动物的死亡率。在本研究中，详细考虑了体重为10 - 12千克的犬只因外部照射剂量和剂量率不同而导致死亡的数值参数。对所得关系进行了验证。在固定剂量率4 Gy/h的情况下，对成年绵羊、猪、犬、驴和小鼠的半数致死剂量（LD(50)）值进行比较，结果表明，对外部照射最敏感的是反刍动物——绵羊，其次是犬、驴和猪，而啮齿动物——小鼠排在这一序列末尾。