Erickson Brandon J, Petronico Nina, Romeo Anthony A
Sports Medicine/Shoulder and Elbow Division, Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, 658 White Plains Rd, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2019 Mar;12(1):24-29. doi: 10.1007/s12178-019-09532-y.
Tears of the latissimus dorsi and teres major are uncommon but significant injuries, most frequently seen in high-level, overhead throwing athletes. Diagnosis can be challenging, as there are no pathognomonic signs, symptoms, or physical exam findings associated with latissimus dorsi/teres major tears, and the clinician must have a high suspicion for this injury. While many of these tears can be treated non-operatively, a subset of these benefits from surgical intervention. Rehabilitation following operative and non-operative treatments of these injuries is extensive, and timing of return to sport can be variable from 3 to 12 months.
The literature surrounding latissimus dorsi/teres major injuries is sparse. Several small studies have shown good results in patients with mild to moderate tears that were treated non-operatively. Recent evidence has shown good results following operative repair of larger tears, with excellent return to sport rates. Furthermore, focused rehabilitation is imperative when treating patients with latissimus dorsi/teres major injuries to allow these athletes to return to sport. Latissimus dorsi/teres major tears are uncommon but significant injuries in the throwing athlete. Prompt diagnosis, proper treatment, and focused rehabilitation will allow these patients to return to sport in a safe and efficient manner.
背阔肌和大圆肌撕裂虽不常见但较为严重，多见于高水平的过头投掷运动员。由于不存在与背阔肌/大圆肌撕裂相关的特征性体征、症状或体格检查结果，诊断颇具挑战性，临床医生必须高度怀疑此类损伤。虽然这些撕裂伤大多可通过非手术治疗，但有一部分患者能从手术干预中获益。这些损伤经手术和非手术治疗后的康复过程较为漫长，恢复运动的时间可能在3至12个月不等。
关于背阔肌/大圆肌损伤的文献较少。几项小型研究表明，非手术治疗轻度至中度撕裂伤的患者效果良好。近期证据显示，较大撕裂伤手术修复后效果良好，恢复运动的比例很高。此外，治疗背阔肌/大圆肌损伤患者时，针对性的康复训练至关重要，以便这些运动员能够恢复运动。背阔肌/大圆肌撕裂在投掷运动员中虽不常见但较为严重。及时诊断、恰当治疗和针对性康复训练将使这些患者以安全有效的方式恢复运动。
