迁移后饮食和身体活动行为变化的决定因素及其对健康促进的影响：来自撒哈拉以南非洲后裔的澳大利亚居民的证据。

Determinants of post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours and implications for health promotion: Evidence from Australian residents of sub-Saharan African ancestry.

机构信息

Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

出版信息

Health Promot J Austr. 2019 Dec;30 Suppl 1:62-71. doi: 10.1002/hpja.233. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

DOI:10.1002/hpja.233

PMID:30710450

Abstract

ISSUE ADDRESSED

Several studies have attributed excess weight gain after immigration to changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours. However, recognising the main factors that influence post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours is less clear, particularly among Australian residents of sub-Saharan African (SSA) ancestry. Drawing on acculturation theory, this study examines main factors driving changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours among Australian residents who were born in SSA and provides insight into the extent to which the factors are related to immigration.

METHODS

A qualitative design based on a phenomenological approach was employed and a quota sampling technique was used to recruit 24 study participants for in-depth interviews.

RESULTS

The study found significant self-reported changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours after immigration that increase the risk of excess weight gain. The changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours were mainly driven by issues related to availability, accessibility and affordability of dietary and physical activity products. Time management and factors related to convenience also emerged as key determinants of change in dietary and physical activity behaviours. Apparently, some factors noted by participants shape dietary and physical activity behaviours irrespective of immigration, and these factors include: tastes and cravings for foods; friends and family influence on behaviour; and misconceptions about food and exercise.

CONCLUSION

Migration from SSA to Australia contributed to changes (mainly less healthy) in dietary and physical activity behaviours. To a large extent, post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours were driven by socio-economic and environmental factors. SO WHAT?: Health promotion programs that address the risky behaviours associated with excess weight gain among Australian residents of SSA ancestry should pay more attention to socio-economic and environmental factors.

摘要

问题

几项研究将移民后的体重增加归因于饮食和身体活动行为的变化。然而，对于影响移民后饮食和身体活动行为变化的主要因素认识还不够清楚，尤其是在澳大利亚撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）后裔居民中。本研究借鉴文化适应理论，考察了在澳大利亚出生的 SSA 居民中驱动饮食和身体活动行为变化的主要因素，并深入了解这些因素与移民的关系程度。

方法

采用基于现象学方法的定性设计，并采用配额抽样技术招募了 24 名研究参与者进行深入访谈。

结果

研究发现，移民后饮食和身体活动行为发生了显著的自我报告变化，增加了体重过度增加的风险。饮食和身体活动行为的变化主要是由与饮食和身体活动产品的可用性、可及性和可负担性相关的问题驱动的。时间管理和与便利性相关的因素也是饮食和身体活动行为变化的关键决定因素。显然，一些参与者注意到的因素无论是否移民都会影响饮食和身体活动行为，这些因素包括：对食物的口味和渴望；朋友和家人对行为的影响；以及对食物和运动的误解。