Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico.
Microb Pathog. 2019 Apr;129:50-55. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.043. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
This study investigated exposure to gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes on dairy cattle farms by antibody level determination in bulk tank milk (BTM) samples and its influence on production to detect the risk factors for infection in different climate regions in three states of Mexico. From January to April 2017, BTM samples were collected from 1058 dairy cattle herds and used to establish three Köppen climate classes (tropical, dry and temperate) and states of Mexico. A questionnaire on farm management was applied. The overall herd prevalence of parasites was 67.20%. The highest percentage of positive herds was detected in Veracruz state (78.45%). In addition, the highest prevalence among the climate regions was found in the tropical climate (78.59%). In general, production losses were approximately 1.37-1.78 kg of milk/cow per day. The annual costs of milk production losses per farm were estimated for three different climate regions, ranging between $5541.49 and 6982.50 US$, and those in the three states varied between 5974.10 and 8660.06 US$. The costs for anthelmintic treatments for young stock and adult cows ranged between 57.51 and 192.75 US$, respectively, among the three climate regions and between 46.02 and 189.49 US$, respectively, among the three states. The overall annual costs of milk yield loss per cow were estimated to be 150.74 US$ for the climate regions and 190.54 US$ for the three states of Mexico, followed by the treatment costs for young stock (4.02 US$) and adult cows (3.99 US$). The results suggest that the economic losses due to GI nematodes in Mexican dairy herds are approximately 248 million US$ per annum. Four final models were built based on multivariate logistic regression for potential statistical association from the ELISA results using climatic/environmental and management factors so that each model used different risk factors that were significantly associated with helminth infections in dairy herds.
本研究通过测定批量奶（BTM）样品中的抗体水平来调查奶牛场胃肠道（GI）线虫暴露情况及其对生产的影响，以检测墨西哥三个州不同气候地区感染的危险因素。2017 年 1 月至 4 月，从 1058 个奶牛场采集 BTM 样本，用于建立三个柯本气候类（热带、干燥和温带）和墨西哥州。应用了一份关于农场管理的问卷。寄生虫的总群患病率为 67.20%。在韦拉克鲁斯州（78.45%）检测到阳性率最高的牛群。此外，在气候区中，热带气候的流行率最高（78.59%）。一般来说，每天每头牛的产奶损失约为 1.37-1.78 公斤。根据三种不同的气候区，估计了每年每头农场的产奶损失成本，介于 5541.49 至 6982.50 美元之间，三个州的成本则在 5974.10 至 8660.06 美元之间。三种气候区的幼畜和成年牛的驱虫治疗费用分别在 57.51 至 192.75 美元之间，三个州的费用分别在 46.02 至 189.49 美元之间。根据气候区，每头牛的年度总产奶损失成本估计为 150.74 美元，三个州则为 190.54 美元，其次是幼畜（4.02 美元）和成年牛（3.99 美元）的治疗费用。结果表明，墨西哥奶牛场 GI 线虫造成的经济损失每年约为 2.48 亿美元。基于 ELISA 结果，使用气候/环境和管理因素进行多元逻辑回归，建立了四个最终模型，以确定与奶牛场寄生虫感染有潜在统计学关联的因素。每个模型都使用了与奶牛场寄生虫感染显著相关的不同风险因素。
