Paar O
Klinik und Poliklinik für Sportverletzungen der Technischen Universität München.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 1988 Mar;2(1):16-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-993661.
A meniscal lesion is the most frequent injury of the knee joint. Several experimental and clinical studies of the past 15 years pointed to the importance of the meniscus for the biomechanics of the knee joint. In particularly the posterior horn of the medial meniscus plays an important role regarding the stability of the joint. On the one hand, a total resection of the meniscus raises the risk of arthrosis, whereas on the other hand it increases the relative insufficiency of the medial capsule and collateral ligament. Because of these findings, nowadays the aim is to preserve most parts of the meniscus in case of injury. Apart from meniscopexia, longitudinal tears of the vascularised meniscus layer near the base, as well as of the so-called degeneration area, are sutured. Arthrographies performed postoperatively revealed smooth contours of the meniscus without any penetration of contrast fluid, which would have been a sign for a persistent lesion.
半月板损伤是膝关节最常见的损伤。过去15年的多项实验和临床研究表明，半月板对膝关节生物力学具有重要意义。特别是内侧半月板后角在关节稳定性方面起着重要作用。一方面，半月板全切除会增加患关节炎的风险，另一方面，它会增加内侧关节囊和侧副韧带的相对功能不全。基于这些发现，如今的目标是在半月板损伤时保留其大部分。除了半月板固定术外，还会缝合靠近基部的血管化半月板层以及所谓退变区域的纵向撕裂。术后进行的关节造影显示半月板轮廓光滑，没有造影剂渗透，而造影剂渗透本应是持续性损伤的迹象。
