Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
J Anxiety Disord. 2019 Apr;63:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.01.005. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
The inference-based approach (IBA) is one cognitive model that aims to explain the aetiology and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). IBA theory suggests that certain reasoning processes lead an individual with OCD to confuse imagined possibilities with actual probabilities, a process termed inferential confusion. One such reasoning process is inverse reasoning, where hypothetical causes form the basis of conclusions about reality. Recently, we developed a task-based measure of inverse reasoning. In an online sample, we reported significant and positive associations between endorsement of inverse reasoning on this task and OCD symptomatology. We concluded that there was some support for the role of inverse reasoning in OCD but these results required extension using a between-groups design in a clinical sample. Therefore, the present study compared endorsement in inverse reasoning on this task between individuals diagnosed with OCD, anxiety and/or mood disorder (clinical controls), and healthy individuals (healthy controls). Relative to both control groups, the OCD group demonstrated significantly greater endorsement in inverse reasoning on scenarios where OCD relevant concerns were prompted. When non-OCD relevant concerns were involved, the OCD group only evidenced greater endorsement in inverse reasoning relative to the healthy control group. Implications for IBA theory are discussed.
基于推理的方法（IBA）是一种旨在解释强迫症（OCD）病因和维持的认知模型。IBA 理论认为，某些推理过程会导致 OCD 患者将想象中的可能性与实际可能性混淆，这一过程称为推理混淆。推理过程之一是逆向推理，其中假设的原因构成了对现实的结论的基础。最近，我们开发了一种基于任务的逆向推理测量方法。在一个在线样本中，我们报告了该任务上对逆向推理的认可与 OCD 症状之间存在显著且正向的关联。我们得出的结论是，逆向推理在 OCD 中具有一定的作用，但这些结果需要在临床样本中采用组间设计进行扩展。因此，本研究比较了患有 OCD、焦虑和/或情绪障碍（临床对照组）以及健康个体（健康对照组）在该任务上逆向推理的认可程度。与两个对照组相比，OCD 组在提示 OCD 相关问题的情景中表现出明显更高的逆向推理认可程度。当涉及非 OCD 相关问题时，OCD 组仅相对于健康对照组表现出更高的逆向推理认可程度。讨论了对 IBA 理论的影响。
