Renkema R W, Caron C J J M, Wolvius E B, Rooijers W, Schipper J A M, Dunaway D J, Forrest C R, Koudstaal M J, Padwa B L
The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia's Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia's Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Nov;47(11):1365-1372. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.05.016. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is characterized by an underdevelopment of the facial structures arising from the first and second branchial arches, but extracraniofacial anomalies such as vertebral anomalies may be present. This retrospective study was performed to determine the prevalence and types of vertebral anomalies and the association with other extracraniofacial anomalies in patients with CFM. The charts of all patients diagnosed with CFM seen in four craniofacial centres were reviewed for the presence of vertebral anomalies, symptoms, extracraniofacial anomalies, and the OMENS classification including the Pruzansky-Kaban type of mandibular deformity. A total of 991 patients were included and 28% of the patients had vertebral anomalies. The most common vertebral anomalies included scoliosis, block vertebrae, and hemivertebrae. Only 44% of the patients with vertebral anomalies had clinical symptoms; torticollis, back or neck pain, and limited neck movement were the most frequently seen. The prevalence of vertebral anomalies was greater in patients with bilateral CFM and in patients with a more severe mandibular deformity, and/or orbit, facial nerve, and/or soft tissue involvement. Patients with vertebral anomalies had significantly more extracraniofacial anomalies than patients without vertebral anomalies. Therefore, patients with vertebral anomalies should undergo cardiac, renal, and neurological evaluation.
颅面短小畸形（CFM）的特征是起源于第一和第二鳃弓的面部结构发育不全，但可能存在颅外异常，如椎体异常。本回顾性研究旨在确定CFM患者椎体异常的患病率和类型，以及与其他颅外异常的关联。回顾了四个颅面中心所有诊断为CFM的患者病历，以确定是否存在椎体异常、症状、颅外异常以及包括普鲁赞斯基-卡班下颌骨畸形类型的OMENS分类。共纳入991例患者，28%的患者有椎体异常。最常见的椎体异常包括脊柱侧弯、椎体融合和半椎体。只有44%的椎体异常患者有临床症状；斜颈、背部或颈部疼痛以及颈部活动受限最为常见。双侧CFM患者、下颌骨畸形更严重和/或眼眶、面神经和/或软组织受累的患者中椎体异常的患病率更高。有椎体异常的患者比没有椎体异常的患者有更多的颅外异常。因此，有椎体异常的患者应进行心脏、肾脏和神经学评估。
