Pediatrix Medical Group, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
J Perinatol. 2019 May;39(5):717-722. doi: 10.1038/s41372-019-0332-y. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
To determine if there is increased risk of prematurity-related complications for in vitro fertilization (IVF)-conceived preterm infants compared to matched controls.
Cohort study of 23-34 weeks' preterm infants from 329 US NICUs discharged from 2009 to 2016. Each IVF patient was matched to three controls.
We identified 6,756 IVF-conceived preterm infants who were matched with 20,268 controls. IVF-conceived infants had no increase in non-respiratory morbidities but had significantly higher rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (8.4% vs 7%, p < 0.001) and significantly greater exposure to common chronic respiratory medications.
In this large cohort of IVF-conceived preterm infants we found similar outcomes to controls with the exception of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory medication exposure. Further research is needed to explore the influence of in vitro fertilization on the development of neonatal respiratory disease.
比较体外受精（IVF）早产儿与匹配对照儿，早产儿相关并发症风险是否增加。
这是一项来自 329 家美国 NICU 的 23-34 周早产儿的队列研究，研究对象均于 2009 年至 2016 年出院。每位 IVF 患者均匹配 3 名对照儿。
我们确定了 6756 例 IVF 受孕的早产儿，与 20268 例对照儿进行了匹配。与对照组相比，IVF 受孕儿非呼吸系统疾病发病率无显著增加，但支气管肺发育不良（8.4% vs 7%，p<0.001）和常用慢性呼吸药物暴露的比例显著增加。
在这项大规模的 IVF 受孕早产儿队列研究中，我们发现除了支气管肺发育不良和呼吸药物暴露之外，IVF 受孕儿与对照组的结局相似。需要进一步研究来探讨体外受精对新生儿呼吸疾病发展的影响。
